Chapter 22 Spelling Words Flashcards
adverse reaction
-the body’s reaction to a drug in an unexpected way that may endanger a patient’s health and safety
anaphylactic shock
- a severe idiosyncratic reaction
- a life-threatening, hypertensive reaction to food or drugs
- includes: acute respiratory distress; hypotension; edema; tachycardia; cool, pale skin; cyanosis; and possibly convulsions shortly after administration of the medication
chemical name
- a description of the chemical structure of the drug
- it is listed in the Hospital Formulary along with the chemical formula diagram
chemotherapy
-the treatment of diseases by using drugs that have a specific deadly effect on disease-causing microorganisms
-these drugs are used in the treatment of certain infections and cancer
chem/o=pertaining to a chemical, drug -therapy=treatment
contraindication
-any special symptom or circumstance that indicates that the use of a particular drug or procedure is dangerous, not advised, or has not been proven safe for administration
cumulation
-a drug level begins to accumulate in the body with repeated doses because the drug is not completely excreted from the body before another dose is administered
Hospital Formulary
- a reference book that lists all of the drugs commonly stocked in the hospital pharmacy
- gives info about the characteristics and their clinical use
hypotension
-low blood pressure
-less than normal blood pressure
hypo=under, beneath, below, less than normal tens/o=strain -ion=action; process
idiosyncrasy
- an unusual, inappropriate response to a drug or to the usual effective does of a drug
- the reaction can life threatening
pharmacist
-one who is licensed to prepare and dispense drugs
pharmacodynamics
-the study of how drugs interact in the human body
pharmacology
-the field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses
pharmacy
-a place for the preparing or dispensing drugs
potentiation
-the effect that occurs when two drugs administered together produce a more powerful response that the sum of their individual parts
systemic effect
- a generalized response to a drug by the body
- the drug has a widespread influence on the body because it is absorbed into the bloodstream
tolerance
the body’s decreased response to the effect of a drug after repeated dosages
toxicology
-the study of poisons, their detection, and their effects and establishing antidotes and methods of treatment for conditions they produce and prevention of poisoning
analgesic
-relieves pain (aspirin, tylenol)
an-=without alges/o=pain -ic=pertaining to
anesthetic
-partially or completely numbs or eliminates sensitivity with or without loss of consciousness (Xylocaine)
antiarrhythmic
-corrects cardiac arrhythmias (Lanoxin, Inderal)
anti=against arrhythmia/o=rhythm -ic=pertaining to
antibiotic
-stops or controls the growth of infection-causing microorganisms
anti=against bi/o=life -tic=pertaining to
anticoagulant
-prevents clot continuation and formation
anti=against coagul/o=clotting
anticonvulsant
-prevents or relieves convulsions (seizures)
antidepressant
-prevents, cures, or alleviates mental depression
antidiabetic
-helps control the blood sugar level
antidiarrheal
-prevents or treats diarrhea
antiemetic
-prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
antifungal
destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
anti=against fungi/o=fungus -al=pertaining to
antihistamine
-opposes the action of histamine, which is released in allergic reactions
antihypertensive
-prevents or controls high blood pressure
anti=against hyper=excessive
anti-infective
-same as antibiotic
anti-inflammatory
-counteracts inflammation in the body
antineoplastic
-prevents the development, growth, or reproduction of cancerous cells
anti=against neo-=new pals/o=formation -tic=pertaining to
antitussive
-relieves cough due to various causes
antiulcer (agent)
-treats and prevents peptic ulcer and gastric hypersecretion
antiviral
-treats various viral conditions such as serious herpes virus infection, chickenpox, and influenza A
beta blocker
-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms
bronchodilator
-expands the bronchial tubes by relaxing the bronchial muscles
calcium channel blocker
-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms
hormone
-treats deficiency states where specific hormone level is abnormally low
hypnotic
-induces sleep or dulls the senses
immunosuppressant
-suppresses the body’s natural immune response to an antigen, as in treatment for transplant patients
laxative
prevents constipation or promotes the emptying of the bowel contents with ease
lipid-lowering agent
-reduces blood lipid (fat) levels
sedative
-exerts a soothing or tranquilizing effect on the body
skeletal muscle relaxant
-relieves muscle tension
vitamin
-prevents and treats vitamin deficiencies and used as dietary supplement
anesthesia
- loss of sensation
- loss of the ability to feel pain, caused by administration of a drug or other medical intervention.
cyanosis
-Cyanosis is a physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.
hypoglossal
-under/beneath the tongue
pharmacology
-field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses
potency
-strength
