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Medical Terminology > Chapter 22 Spelling Words > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Spelling Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adverse reaction

A

-the body’s reaction to a drug in an unexpected way that may endanger a patient’s health and safety

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2
Q

anaphylactic shock

A
  • a severe idiosyncratic reaction
  • a life-threatening, hypertensive reaction to food or drugs
  • includes: acute respiratory distress; hypotension; edema; tachycardia; cool, pale skin; cyanosis; and possibly convulsions shortly after administration of the medication
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3
Q

chemical name

A
  • a description of the chemical structure of the drug

- it is listed in the Hospital Formulary along with the chemical formula diagram

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4
Q

chemotherapy

A

-the treatment of diseases by using drugs that have a specific deadly effect on disease-causing microorganisms
-these drugs are used in the treatment of certain infections and cancer
chem/o=pertaining to a chemical, drug -therapy=treatment

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5
Q

contraindication

A

-any special symptom or circumstance that indicates that the use of a particular drug or procedure is dangerous, not advised, or has not been proven safe for administration

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6
Q

cumulation

A

-a drug level begins to accumulate in the body with repeated doses because the drug is not completely excreted from the body before another dose is administered

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7
Q

Hospital Formulary

A
  • a reference book that lists all of the drugs commonly stocked in the hospital pharmacy
  • gives info about the characteristics and their clinical use
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8
Q

hypotension

A

-low blood pressure
-less than normal blood pressure
hypo=under, beneath, below, less than normal tens/o=strain -ion=action; process

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9
Q

idiosyncrasy

A
  • an unusual, inappropriate response to a drug or to the usual effective does of a drug
  • the reaction can life threatening
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10
Q

pharmacist

A

-one who is licensed to prepare and dispense drugs

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11
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

-the study of how drugs interact in the human body

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12
Q

pharmacology

A

-the field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses

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13
Q

pharmacy

A

-a place for the preparing or dispensing drugs

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14
Q

potentiation

A

-the effect that occurs when two drugs administered together produce a more powerful response that the sum of their individual parts

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15
Q

systemic effect

A
  • a generalized response to a drug by the body

- the drug has a widespread influence on the body because it is absorbed into the bloodstream

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16
Q

tolerance

A

the body’s decreased response to the effect of a drug after repeated dosages

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17
Q

toxicology

A

-the study of poisons, their detection, and their effects and establishing antidotes and methods of treatment for conditions they produce and prevention of poisoning

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18
Q

analgesic

A

-relieves pain (aspirin, tylenol)

an-=without alges/o=pain -ic=pertaining to

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19
Q

anesthetic

A

-partially or completely numbs or eliminates sensitivity with or without loss of consciousness (Xylocaine)

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20
Q

antiarrhythmic

A

-corrects cardiac arrhythmias (Lanoxin, Inderal)

anti=against arrhythmia/o=rhythm -ic=pertaining to

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21
Q

antibiotic

A

-stops or controls the growth of infection-causing microorganisms
anti=against bi/o=life -tic=pertaining to

22
Q

anticoagulant

A

-prevents clot continuation and formation

anti=against coagul/o=clotting

23
Q

anticonvulsant

A

-prevents or relieves convulsions (seizures)

24
Q

antidepressant

A

-prevents, cures, or alleviates mental depression

25
Q

antidiabetic

A

-helps control the blood sugar level

26
Q

antidiarrheal

A

-prevents or treats diarrhea

27
Q

antiemetic

A

-prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting

28
Q

antifungal

A

destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi

anti=against fungi/o=fungus -al=pertaining to

29
Q

antihistamine

A

-opposes the action of histamine, which is released in allergic reactions

30
Q

antihypertensive

A

-prevents or controls high blood pressure

anti=against hyper=excessive

31
Q

anti-infective

A

-same as antibiotic

32
Q

anti-inflammatory

A

-counteracts inflammation in the body

33
Q

antineoplastic

A

-prevents the development, growth, or reproduction of cancerous cells
anti=against neo-=new pals/o=formation -tic=pertaining to

34
Q

antitussive

A

-relieves cough due to various causes

35
Q

antiulcer (agent)

A

-treats and prevents peptic ulcer and gastric hypersecretion

36
Q

antiviral

A

-treats various viral conditions such as serious herpes virus infection, chickenpox, and influenza A

37
Q

beta blocker

A

-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms

38
Q

bronchodilator

A

-expands the bronchial tubes by relaxing the bronchial muscles

39
Q

calcium channel blocker

A

-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms

40
Q

hormone

A

-treats deficiency states where specific hormone level is abnormally low

41
Q

hypnotic

A

-induces sleep or dulls the senses

42
Q

immunosuppressant

A

-suppresses the body’s natural immune response to an antigen, as in treatment for transplant patients

43
Q

laxative

A

prevents constipation or promotes the emptying of the bowel contents with ease

44
Q

lipid-lowering agent

A

-reduces blood lipid (fat) levels

45
Q

sedative

A

-exerts a soothing or tranquilizing effect on the body

46
Q

skeletal muscle relaxant

A

-relieves muscle tension

47
Q

vitamin

A

-prevents and treats vitamin deficiencies and used as dietary supplement

48
Q

anesthesia

A
  • loss of sensation

- loss of the ability to feel pain, caused by administration of a drug or other medical intervention.

49
Q

cyanosis

A

-Cyanosis is a physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.

50
Q

hypoglossal

A

-under/beneath the tongue

51
Q

pharmacology

A

-field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses

52
Q

potency

A

-strength

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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