Chapter 22 Spelling Words

Question 1

adverse reaction

Answer 1

-the body’s reaction to a drug in an unexpected way that may endanger a patient’s health and safety

Question 2

anaphylactic shock

Answer 2

• a severe idiosyncratic reaction
• a life-threatening, hypertensive reaction to food or drugs
• includes: acute respiratory distress; hypotension; edema; tachycardia; cool, pale skin; cyanosis; and possibly convulsions shortly after administration of the medication

Question 3

chemical name

Answer 3

• a description of the chemical structure of the drug

- it is listed in the Hospital Formulary along with the chemical formula diagram

Question 4

chemotherapy

Answer 4

-the treatment of diseases by using drugs that have a specific deadly effect on disease-causing microorganisms
-these drugs are used in the treatment of certain infections and cancer
chem/o=pertaining to a chemical, drug -therapy=treatment

Question 5

contraindication

Answer 5

-any special symptom or circumstance that indicates that the use of a particular drug or procedure is dangerous, not advised, or has not been proven safe for administration

Question 6

cumulation

Answer 6

-a drug level begins to accumulate in the body with repeated doses because the drug is not completely excreted from the body before another dose is administered

Question 7

Hospital Formulary

Answer 7

• a reference book that lists all of the drugs commonly stocked in the hospital pharmacy
• gives info about the characteristics and their clinical use

Question 8

hypotension

Answer 8

-low blood pressure
-less than normal blood pressure
hypo=under, beneath, below, less than normal tens/o=strain -ion=action; process

Question 9

idiosyncrasy

Answer 9

• an unusual, inappropriate response to a drug or to the usual effective does of a drug
• the reaction can life threatening

Question 10

pharmacist

Answer 10

-one who is licensed to prepare and dispense drugs

Question 11

pharmacodynamics

Answer 11

-the study of how drugs interact in the human body

Question 12

pharmacology

Answer 12

-the field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses

Question 13

pharmacy

Answer 13

-a place for the preparing or dispensing drugs

Question 14

potentiation

Answer 14

-the effect that occurs when two drugs administered together produce a more powerful response that the sum of their individual parts

Question 15

systemic effect

Answer 15

• a generalized response to a drug by the body

- the drug has a widespread influence on the body because it is absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 16

tolerance

Answer 16

the body’s decreased response to the effect of a drug after repeated dosages

Question 17

toxicology

Answer 17

-the study of poisons, their detection, and their effects and establishing antidotes and methods of treatment for conditions they produce and prevention of poisoning

Question 18

analgesic

Answer 18

-relieves pain (aspirin, tylenol)

an-=without alges/o=pain -ic=pertaining to

Question 19

anesthetic

Answer 19

-partially or completely numbs or eliminates sensitivity with or without loss of consciousness (Xylocaine)

Question 20

antiarrhythmic

Answer 20

-corrects cardiac arrhythmias (Lanoxin, Inderal)

anti=against arrhythmia/o=rhythm -ic=pertaining to

Question 21

antibiotic

Answer 21

-stops or controls the growth of infection-causing microorganisms
anti=against bi/o=life -tic=pertaining to

Question 22

anticoagulant

Answer 22

-prevents clot continuation and formation

anti=against coagul/o=clotting

Question 23

anticonvulsant

Answer 23

-prevents or relieves convulsions (seizures)

Question 24

antidepressant

Answer 24

-prevents, cures, or alleviates mental depression

Question 25

antidiabetic

Answer 25

-helps control the blood sugar level

Question 26

antidiarrheal

Answer 26

-prevents or treats diarrhea

Question 27

antiemetic

Answer 27

-prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting

Question 28

antifungal

Answer 28

destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi | anti=against fungi/o=fungus -al=pertaining to

Question 29

antihistamine

Answer 29

-opposes the action of histamine, which is released in allergic reactions

Question 30

antihypertensive

Answer 30

-prevents or controls high blood pressure | anti=against hyper=excessive

Question 31

anti-infective

Answer 31

-same as antibiotic

Question 32

anti-inflammatory

Answer 32

-counteracts inflammation in the body

Question 33

antineoplastic

Answer 33

-prevents the development, growth, or reproduction of cancerous cells anti=against neo-=new pals/o=formation -tic=pertaining to

Question 34

antitussive

Answer 34

-relieves cough due to various causes

Question 35

antiulcer (agent)

Answer 35

-treats and prevents peptic ulcer and gastric hypersecretion

Question 36

antiviral

Answer 36

-treats various viral conditions such as serious herpes virus infection, chickenpox, and influenza A

Question 37

beta blocker

Answer 37

-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms

Question 38

bronchodilator

Answer 38

-expands the bronchial tubes by relaxing the bronchial muscles

Question 39

calcium channel blocker

Answer 39

-treats hypertension, angina, and various abnormal heart rhythms

Question 40

hormone

Answer 40

-treats deficiency states where specific hormone level is abnormally low

Question 41

hypnotic

Answer 41

-induces sleep or dulls the senses

Question 42

immunosuppressant

Answer 42

-suppresses the body's natural immune response to an antigen, as in treatment for transplant patients

Question 43

laxative

Answer 43

prevents constipation or promotes the emptying of the bowel contents with ease

Question 44

lipid-lowering agent

Answer 44

-reduces blood lipid (fat) levels

Question 45

sedative

Answer 45

-exerts a soothing or tranquilizing effect on the body

Question 46

skeletal muscle relaxant

Answer 46

-relieves muscle tension

Question 47

vitamin

Answer 47

-prevents and treats vitamin deficiencies and used as dietary supplement

Question 48

anesthesia

Answer 48

- loss of sensation | - loss of the ability to feel pain, caused by administration of a drug or other medical intervention.

Question 49

cyanosis

Answer 49

-Cyanosis is a physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.

Question 50

hypoglossal

Answer 50

-under/beneath the tongue

Question 51

pharmacology

Answer 51

-field of medicine that specializes in the study of drugs, including their sources, appearance, chemistry, actions, and uses

Question 52

potency

Answer 52

-strength