Chapter 10 Spelling Words Flashcards
analgesic
acting to relieve pain; aspirin or tylenol
anatomosis
surgical joining of vessels to allow flow from one to the other; used to bypass an occluded area
aneurysm
localized dilation of a weakened area of the wall of an artery; the weakened area balloons out during each pulsation
aneurysmectomy
surgical removal of an aneurysm
angina pectoris
constriction and pain about the heart
angiography
process of Xray with a contrast medium to view the internal heart and blood vessels
anomaly
deviation from birth; birth defect
anorexia
lack or loss of appetite
arrhythmia
deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat
anxiety
a feeling of apprehension, worry, uneasiness or dread, especially of the future; a vague, uneasy feeling
ateriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
arthralgia
joint pain
ascites
fluid in the peritoneal cavity
atherosclerosis
condition of fatty deposits in the arteries
atrial flutter
contractions of the atria become very rapid
benign
not cancerous; not progressive
bradycardia
slow heart rate; <60 beats per min
bruits
abnormal sound or murmur of the heart
cardiac catheretization
threading a catheter through a vein or artery to the heart used to obtain detailed info about the structure and function of the heart
cardiac enzymes test
blood test to determine the damage to the myocardial muscle
carditis
inflammation of the heart
claudication
cramp-like pains in calves due to poor circulation and atherosclerosis
computed axial tomography (CAT)
xray technician using ionizing radiation for a cross-sectional image of the body
congestive heart failure
the pumping ability of the heart is progressively impaired
coronary artery
comes from the aorta; supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle
coronary artery disease
narrowing of coronary arteries that prevent adequate blood supply to myocardium
cyanosis
blueish, grayish discoloration because of decreased hemoglobin in the blood
diastole
the period of relaxation of the heart
dyspnea
difficulty breathing, sometimes with pain
dysrhythmia
abnormal heart rhythm
echocardiography
ultra sound waves used to study the structure and motion of the heart
edema
collection of fluid in the tissues from fluid seeping out of the blood into the interstitial spaces
electrocardiogram
graphic record of the electrical action of the heart
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
epicardium
inner layer of the pericardium
fatigue
a feeling of tiredness or weariness
fever
temperature above normal
fibrillation
rapid and incomplete contractions of the atria
hematomegaly
enlargement of the liver
hyperlipidemia
excessive level of fats in the blood
hypertension
persistently higher blood pressure
hypertensive heart disease
a result of long-term hypertension; the heart works against increased pressure in the arteries
hypotension
low blood pressure
infarction
localized area of necrosis as a result of a lack of oxygen
ischemia
decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ
lesion
an injury/change in the body tissue
lipid
group of fats or fat-like substances
lumen
cavity or channel in vein, artery, or organ
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
using magnetic field and radio frequency waves to produce an image of heart vessels, brain and soft tissue
malaise
a vague feeling of body weakness or discomfort
mediastinum
the area between the lungs
mitral valve prolapse
drooping of mitral cusps back into the left atria; valve does not completely close causing some back flow and a distinct sound when listening to the heart
myocardial infarction
heart attack; caused by an occlusion of one or more coronary arteries
myocarditis
inflammation of the myocardium
myocardium
middle muscular layer of the heart
nausea
an unpleasant sensation usually preceding vomiting
nocturia
urination at night
occlusion
closure or state of being closed
orthopnea
abnormal condition when a person needs to stand or sit up to breath comfortably
pallor
lack of color; paleness
palpable
detectible by touch
palpitation
a pounding or racing of the heart
patent ductus arteriosus
an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta because the fetal ductus arteriosus did not close after birth
pericarditis
inflammation of the pericardium; acute or chronic
pericardium
double membranous sac that encloses the heart
peripheral arterial occlusive disease
obstruction of the arteries in the extremities (predominately the legs) that causes claudication and often a result of atherosclerorsis
petechiae
small, purplish hemorrhage spots on the skin
pitting edema
swelling that leaves a dent when pressured
prophylactic
an agent that protects against disease
pulmonary artery
transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
pulmonary vein
returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
Raynaud’s phenomenon
intermittent attacks of vasoconstriction followed by a blue color of the skin and then returning to a red
rheumatic fever
inflammatory disease when strep is not adequately treated
septum
wall or partition that divides or separates two cavities
serum lipid test
blood test to measure the fatty substances
Sydenham’s chorea
a form of chorea associated with rheumatic fever
systemic circulation
circulation of blood from left ventricle throughout the body back to the right atria
systole
the contraction phase forcing blood into the aorta: 1st sound heard
tachycardia
abnormal rapidity of heartbeat; >100 beats per minute
tetralogy of Fallot
congenital defect with 4 defects involved:
- pulmonary stenosis- narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle
- interventricular septal defect creating a right-to-left shunt between the ventricles
- shifting of the aorta to the right causes it to override the right ventricle and thus communicate with the interventricular septal defect
- hypertrophy of the right ventricle because of increased work to pump blood through the obstructed pulmonary artery
thallium stress test
combination of exercise test and thallium imaging to assess coronary flow
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of a vein; with the formation of a thrombus; usually occurring in the legs
thrombosis
a formation of or existence of a blood clot
varicose veins
enlarged, superficial veins; twisted, dilated, incomplete valves
vasocontriction
narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel
