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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10 Spelling Words > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Spelling Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

analgesic

A

acting to relieve pain; aspirin or tylenol

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2
Q

anatomosis

A

surgical joining of vessels to allow flow from one to the other; used to bypass an occluded area

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3
Q

aneurysm

A

localized dilation of a weakened area of the wall of an artery; the weakened area balloons out during each pulsation

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4
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

surgical removal of an aneurysm

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5
Q

angina pectoris

A

constriction and pain about the heart

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6
Q

angiography

A

process of Xray with a contrast medium to view the internal heart and blood vessels

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7
Q

anomaly

A

deviation from birth; birth defect

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8
Q

anorexia

A

lack or loss of appetite

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9
Q

arrhythmia

A

deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat

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10
Q

anxiety

A

a feeling of apprehension, worry, uneasiness or dread, especially of the future; a vague, uneasy feeling

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11
Q

ateriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

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12
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

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13
Q

ascites

A

fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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14
Q

atherosclerosis

A

condition of fatty deposits in the arteries

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15
Q

atrial flutter

A

contractions of the atria become very rapid

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16
Q

benign

A

not cancerous; not progressive

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17
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heart rate; <60 beats per min

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18
Q

bruits

A

abnormal sound or murmur of the heart

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19
Q

cardiac catheretization

A

threading a catheter through a vein or artery to the heart used to obtain detailed info about the structure and function of the heart

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20
Q

cardiac enzymes test

A

blood test to determine the damage to the myocardial muscle

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21
Q

carditis

A

inflammation of the heart

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22
Q

claudication

A

cramp-like pains in calves due to poor circulation and atherosclerosis

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23
Q

computed axial tomography (CAT)

A

xray technician using ionizing radiation for a cross-sectional image of the body

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24
Q

congestive heart failure

A

the pumping ability of the heart is progressively impaired

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25
Q

coronary artery

A

comes from the aorta; supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle

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26
Q

coronary artery disease

A

narrowing of coronary arteries that prevent adequate blood supply to myocardium

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27
Q

cyanosis

A

blueish, grayish discoloration because of decreased hemoglobin in the blood

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28
Q

diastole

A

the period of relaxation of the heart

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29
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing, sometimes with pain

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30
Q

dysrhythmia

A

abnormal heart rhythm

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31
Q

echocardiography

A

ultra sound waves used to study the structure and motion of the heart

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32
Q

edema

A

collection of fluid in the tissues from fluid seeping out of the blood into the interstitial spaces

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33
Q

electrocardiogram

A

graphic record of the electrical action of the heart

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34
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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35
Q

epicardium

A

inner layer of the pericardium

36
Q

fatigue

A

a feeling of tiredness or weariness

37
Q

fever

A

temperature above normal

38
Q

fibrillation

A

rapid and incomplete contractions of the atria

39
Q

hematomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

40
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

excessive level of fats in the blood

41
Q

hypertension

A

persistently higher blood pressure

42
Q

hypertensive heart disease

A

a result of long-term hypertension; the heart works against increased pressure in the arteries

43
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

44
Q

infarction

A

localized area of necrosis as a result of a lack of oxygen

45
Q

ischemia

A

decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ

46
Q

lesion

A

an injury/change in the body tissue

47
Q

lipid

A

group of fats or fat-like substances

48
Q

lumen

A

cavity or channel in vein, artery, or organ

49
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

using magnetic field and radio frequency waves to produce an image of heart vessels, brain and soft tissue

50
Q

malaise

A

a vague feeling of body weakness or discomfort

51
Q

mediastinum

A

the area between the lungs

52
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

drooping of mitral cusps back into the left atria; valve does not completely close causing some back flow and a distinct sound when listening to the heart

53
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack; caused by an occlusion of one or more coronary arteries

54
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the myocardium

55
Q

myocardium

A

middle muscular layer of the heart

56
Q

nausea

A

an unpleasant sensation usually preceding vomiting

57
Q

nocturia

A

urination at night

58
Q

occlusion

A

closure or state of being closed

59
Q

orthopnea

A

abnormal condition when a person needs to stand or sit up to breath comfortably

60
Q

pallor

A

lack of color; paleness

61
Q

palpable

A

detectible by touch

62
Q

palpitation

A

a pounding or racing of the heart

63
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta because the fetal ductus arteriosus did not close after birth

64
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium; acute or chronic

65
Q

pericardium

A

double membranous sac that encloses the heart

66
Q

peripheral arterial occlusive disease

A

obstruction of the arteries in the extremities (predominately the legs) that causes claudication and often a result of atherosclerorsis

67
Q

petechiae

A

small, purplish hemorrhage spots on the skin

68
Q

pitting edema

A

swelling that leaves a dent when pressured

69
Q

prophylactic

A

an agent that protects against disease

70
Q

pulmonary artery

A

transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

71
Q

pulmonary vein

A

returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

72
Q

Raynaud’s phenomenon

A

intermittent attacks of vasoconstriction followed by a blue color of the skin and then returning to a red

73
Q

rheumatic fever

A

inflammatory disease when strep is not adequately treated

74
Q

septum

A

wall or partition that divides or separates two cavities

75
Q

serum lipid test

A

blood test to measure the fatty substances

76
Q

Sydenham’s chorea

A

a form of chorea associated with rheumatic fever

77
Q

systemic circulation

A

circulation of blood from left ventricle throughout the body back to the right atria

78
Q

systole

A

the contraction phase forcing blood into the aorta: 1st sound heard

79
Q

tachycardia

A

abnormal rapidity of heartbeat; >100 beats per minute

80
Q

tetralogy of Fallot

A

congenital defect with 4 defects involved:

  1. pulmonary stenosis- narrowing of the opening into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle
  2. interventricular septal defect creating a right-to-left shunt between the ventricles
  3. shifting of the aorta to the right causes it to override the right ventricle and thus communicate with the interventricular septal defect
  4. hypertrophy of the right ventricle because of increased work to pump blood through the obstructed pulmonary artery
81
Q

thallium stress test

A

combination of exercise test and thallium imaging to assess coronary flow

82
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein; with the formation of a thrombus; usually occurring in the legs

83
Q

thrombosis

A

a formation of or existence of a blood clot

84
Q

varicose veins

A

enlarged, superficial veins; twisted, dilated, incomplete valves

85
Q

vasocontriction

A

narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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