Chapter 6 (BAL)

Question 1

A change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure.

Answer 1

Conformity

Question 2

2 varieties of conformity

Answer 2

Acceptance
Compliance

Question 3

Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social
pressure.

Answer 3

Acceptance

Question 4

Conformity that involves publicly acting with an implied or explicit request
while privately disagreeing.

Answer 4

Compliance

Question 5

A type of compliance involving acting in accord with a direct order or
command.

Answer 5

Obedience

Question 6

Self (auto) motion (kinetic); apparent movement of a
stationary point of light in the dark.

Answer 6

Autokinetic Phenomenon

Question 7

An inclination to readily and uncritically adopt the ideas, beliefs,
attitudes, or actions of others.

Answer 7

Suggestibility

Question 8

Our natural mimicry of other’s postures and language generally
elicits liking-except echoing others negative expressions, such as ange

Answer 8

Chameleon Effect

Question 9

Suggestibility to problems that spreads throughout a large group of
people

Answer 9

Mass Hysteria

Question 10

Four Factors determined obedience according to Milgram

Answer 10

The Victim’s Emotional Distance
The Authority’s closeness and legitimacy
Whether or not the authority was part of a respected institution
The liberating Effect of a disobedient fellow participant

Question 11

When the victim was remote and the “teachers” heard no complaints, nearly all obeyed calmly
to the end

Answer 11

The Victim’s Emotional Distance

Question 12

The physical presence of the experimenter also affected obedience; when the one making the command is physically close, compliance increases; the authority, however, must be perceived as legitimate.

Answer 12

The Authority’s closeness and legitimacy

Question 13

In everyday life, too, authorities backed by institutions wield social power; powerful institutions command respect

Answer 13

Whether or not the authority was part of a respected institution

Question 14

These classic experiments give us a negative view of conformity. But conformity can also be
constructive; the occasional liberating effect of conformity.

Answer 14

The liberating Effect of a disobedient fellow participant

Question 15

6 factors that predict conformity

Answer 15

Group size
Unanimity
Cohesion
Status
Public response
Prior commitment

Question 16

People will usually voice their own convictions if just one other person has also differed
from the majority.

Answer 16

Unanimity

Question 17

When someone giving correct answers punctures the group’s unanimity, individuals
conform only one-fourth as often.

Answer 17

The Effect of Unanimity on Conformity

Question 18

A “we feeling”; the extent to which members of a group are bound
together, such as by attraction to one another

Answer 18

Cohesiveness

Question 19

The level of respect and honour associated with a person’s position in society

Answer 19

Status

Question 20

People also conform most when their responses are public (in the presence of the
group).

Answer 20

Public response

Question 21

A prior commitment to a certain behaviour or belief increases the likelihood that a
person will stick with that commitment rather than conform.

Answer 21

Prior commitment

Question 22

Results from a person’s desire for acceptance; tendency to conform more when responding publicly reflects
normative influence.

Answer 22

Normative Influence

Question 23

Results from others’ providing evidence about reality; tendency to conform more on difficult decision-making tasks reflects
informational influence

Answer 23

Informational Influence

Question 24

People who seek to please others and are comfortable following social rules (those high
in agreeableness and conscientiousness) are the most likely to conform.

Answer 24

Personality

Question 25

People who value getting along with others

Answer 25

Agreeableness

Question 26

People who follow social norms for neatness and punctuality

Answer 26

Conscientiousness

Question 27

A personality trait connected to creativity and
socially progressive thinking—are less likely to conform

Answer 27

Openness to experience

Question 28

Role playing can also be a positive force.

Answer 28

Role reversal

Question 29

A motive to protect or restore one’s sense of freedom. Reactance arises when
someone threatens our freedom of action.

Answer 29

Resistance

Question 30

We act in ways that preserve our sense of uniqueness and individuality; in a group, we
are most conscious of how we differ from the others

Answer 30

Asserting Uniqueness

Question 31

The specific domain of self-concept present at one’s
mind, in a particular moment

Answer 31

Spontaneous self-concept

Question 32

The recognition of a creature by itself as a ‘self,’ [cannot]
exist except in contrast with an ‘other,’ a something which is not the self

Answer 32

Self-consciousnes