Chapter 4 (BAL)

Question 1

Beliefs and feelings related to a person or an event.

Answer 1

Attitudes

Question 2

Offered a shocking conclusion: People’s expressed attitudes hardly
predicted their varying behaviors.

Answer 2

Allan Wicker

Question 3

Appearing moral while avoiding the costs of being
so

Answer 3

Moral hypocrisy

Question 4

Belief that people are rational and attempt to behave
rationally at all times and that a person’s behavior should be consistent with their attitude (s).

Answer 4

The Principle of Consistency

Question 5

Uses reaction times to measure how quickly
people associate concepts

Answer 5

Implicit association test (IAT)

Question 6

Our often unacknowledged inner beliefs that may or
may not correspond to our explicit (conscious) attitudes.

Answer 6

Implicit (unconscious) attitudes

Question 7

Knowing people’s intended
behaviors and their perceived self-efficacy and control.

Answer 7

Theory of planned behavior

Question 8

Our attitudes become potent if we think about them

Answer 8

BRINGING ATTITUDES TO MIND

Question 9

When this is done to attitudes, not just by hearsay, they are more
accessible, more enduring, and more likely to guide actions

Answer 9

FORGING STRONG ATTITUDES THROUGH EXPERIENCE

Question 10

Refers to actions
expected of those who occupy a particular social position.

Answer 10

Role

Question 11

When does our behaviour affect our attitude? (4)

Answer 11

Role playing
Saying becomes believing
Evil and Moral Acts
Social movements

Question 12

People often adapt what they say to please their listeners.

Answer 12

Saying becomes believing

Question 13

Actions also affect our moral attitudes: That which we have done, even if it is evil, we
tend to justify as right.

Answer 13

Evil and Moral Acts

Question 14

These may legislate behavior designed to lead to attitude
change on a mass scale

Answer 14

Social movements

Question 15

3 possible sources of why our behaviour affects our attitude

Answer 15

Self-presentation theory
Cognitive dissonance theory
Self-perception theory

Question 16

Assumes that for strategic reasons we express attitudes that
make us appear consistent.

Answer 16

Self-presentation theory

Question 17

Assumes that to reduce discomfort, we justify our actions
to ourselves.

Answer 17

Cognitive dissonance theory

Question 18

Assumes that our actions are self-revealing: when uncertain
about our feelings or beliefs, we look to our behavior, much as anyone else would.

Answer 18

Self-perception theory

Question 19

We see making a good impression as a way to gain social and material rewards, to feel
better about ourselves, even to become more secure in our social identities

Answer 19

Self-Presentation: Impression Management

Question 20

One theory is that our attitudes change because we are motivated to maintain
consistency among our cognitions

Answer 20

Self-Justification: Cognitive Dissonance

Question 21

People would experience more discomfort
and thus be more motivated to believe in what they had done.

Answer 21

Insufficient justification

Question 22

The tendency of facial expressions to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear,
anger, or happiness.

Answer 22

Facial feedback Effect

Question 23

The result of bribing people to do what they already like doing; they may then see
their actions as externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing.

Answer 23

Overjustification Effect

Question 24

When people do something they enjoy, without reward or coercion, they attribute
their behavior to their love of the activity.

Answer 24

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation