Chapter 10 (BAL) Flashcards
Physical or verbal behavior intended to
hurt someone.
Aggression
Hurting someone else’s body.
Physical aggression
Hurting someone else’s feelings or threatening their relationships.
Social aggression
Defined as intentional and repeated aggression; bullying, harassing, or
threatening someone using electronic
communication such as texting, online social
networks, or email.
Cyberbullying
Springs from anger; its goal is to injure.
Hostile aggression
Aims to injure, but only as a means to some other end.
Instrumental aggression
An innate, unlearned behavior pattern exhibited by all members of a species.
Instinctive behavior
Brain core area involved with emotion
Amygdala
Acts like an emergency brake on deeper brain areas involved in aggressive behavior.
Prefrontal cortex
Examples of Biochemical Influences
Alcohol
Testosterone
Poor Diet
Theory that frustration triggers a readiness to aggress.
Frustration-aggression theory
Blocking of goal-directed behavior.
Frustration
Redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration.
Displacement
Berkowitz theorized that frustration
produces aggression only when people
become upset.
Frustration-Aggression Theory Revised
Frustration is not only caused by complete
deprivation; more often, frustration arises
from the gap between expectations and
attainments.
Relative Deprivation
Perception that one is less well off than others with whom one compares oneself.
Relative deprivation
Theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished.
Social learning theory
Aversive Incidents
● PAIN
● HEAT
● ATTACKS
MEDIA’S EFFECTS ON THINKING (4)
DESENSITIZATION
SOCIAL SCRIPTS
ALTERED PERCEPTIONS
COGNITIVE PRIMING
After witnessing thousands of acts of
cruelty, there is good reason to expect a
similar emotional numbing.
DESENSITIZATION
When we find ourselves in new situations,
uncertain how to act, we rely on social
scripts—culturally provided mental
instructions for how to act.
SOCIAL SCRIPTS
For those who watch much television, the
world becomes a scary place. Media
portrayals shape perceptions of reality.
ALTERED PERCEPTIONS
Media portrayals prime thinking.
COGNITIVE PRIMING
Give 2 effects of Video Games
● Increases in aggressive behaviors
● Increases in aggressive thoughts.
If aggressive behavior is learned, then there
is hope for its control.
Social Learning Approach
