Chapter 5 Concepts Flashcards
What are the functions of the cardiovascular system
distribute blood to all areas of body, deliver needed substances to cells, remove waste from cells
What are the organs of the cardiovascular system?
heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins
Blood delivers ____ and ____ to the cells
oxygen; nutrients
Blood delivers waste to the ____, _____, and ______ for elimination
lungs; liver; kidneys
What is systemic circulation
carries blood from heart to the body and from the body to the heart
what is pulmonary circulation
carries blood from heart to the lungs and from the lungs to the heart
The heart has ___ chambers
4
It averages ____-____ bpms, or about _____ beats per day
60-100; 100,000
The heart is located in the _____
mediastinum
What are the three layers of the heart (Outer to Inner)
Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
Functions of the Epicardium
Forms the visceral layer of pericardial sac, reduces friction as the heart beats
functions of the myocardium
develops the pressure required to pump blood through the blood vessels
functions of the endocardium
thin layer that reduces friction as the blood passes through heart chambers
The two upper chambers are called ___, while the two lower chambers are called ____, and are separated by the ____
atria; ventricles; septum
Blood enters the ____ through ____
atria; veins
Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the _____ via ______
right atria; vena cavae
oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the ______ via ______
left atria; pulmonary veins
True or False: the ventricles are the pumping chambers of the heart
true
blood exits the ventricles through ____
arteries
________ exits the _____ and moves to the lungs via the ________
deoxygenated blood; right ventricle; pulmonary artery
______ exits the ______ and moves to the body via the _____
oxygenated blood; left ventricle; aorta
What are the four valves
tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic
The _______ valve control the opening between the right atrium and ventricle
tricuspid
The _____ valve controls the opening between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Pulmonary
The ____ valve controls the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle
mitral
The ____ valve controls the opening between the left ventricle and the aorta
aoritc
What path does the deoxygenated blood flow in the heart? (deoxygenated blood)
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs
what path does the oxygenated blood flow in the heart?
lungs, four pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, body
the relaxation phase is _____ and the contraction phase is _____
diastole; systole
The ____ ____ begins the electrical impulse and cause the ____ to contract
sinoatrial node; atria
The _____ ____ transfers stimulation to the atrioventricular bundle
atrioventricular node
what are the three types of blood vessels
arteries, capillaries, veins
The ____ is the channel within the blood vessels
lumen
arteries carry blood ____ from the heart
away
arteries become _____ when they get smaller
arterioles
Capillaries connect _____ and ____
arteries; veins
Capillaries are the location of ____
diffusion
veins carry blood ____ the heart
toward
What does blood pressure measure
the force exerted by blood against vessel walls
True or false: blood is under a lot of pressure during systole and under little pressure during diastole
true
What can affect blood pressure
elasticity of arteries, diameter of blood vessels, viscosity of the blood, amount of resistance to blood flow
