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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are the organization levels of the body

A

cells–> tissues –> organs–> organ systems–> body

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2
Q

what are the four types of tissue

A

muscle, epithelial, connective, nervous

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3
Q

what are the three types of muscle tissue

A

smooth, skeletal, cardiac

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4
Q

what are the function of epithelial tissue

A

protect, absorb, secrete, excrete

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5
Q

what are the types of connective tissue

A

adipose, bone, cartilage, tendons

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6
Q

What is the job of the integumentary system

A

forms a two-way barrier, aids in temperature regulation

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7
Q

what are the organs of the integumentary system

A

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

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8
Q

what is the function of the musculoskeletal system

A

supports and protects body, forms blood cells and stores minerals, produces movement

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9
Q

what are the organs of the musculoskeletal system

A

bones, joints, muscles

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10
Q

what is the function of the cardiovascular system

A

pumps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste

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11
Q

what are the organs in the cardiovascular system

A

heart, arteries, veins

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12
Q

what is the function of the blood system

A

transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, controls bleeding

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13
Q

what is found within blood

A

plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

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14
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system

A

protects body from disease and invasion by pathogens

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15
Q

what are the organs in the lymphatic system

A

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland, tonsils

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16
Q

what is the function of the respiratory system

A

brings oxygen in, takes CO2 out

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17
Q

what are the organs of the respiratory system

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs

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18
Q

what is the function of the gastrointestinal system

A

ingests, digests, and absorbs nurtients

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19
Q

what are the organs of the gastrointestinal system

A

oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

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20
Q

what is the function of the urinary system

A

filters waste from blood and removes from body

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21
Q

what are the organs in the urinary system

A

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

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22
Q

what is the function of the female reproductive system

A

produce eggs and provides for growing baby and nourishes infant after birth

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23
Q

what are the organs of the female reproductive system

A

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts

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24
Q

what is the function of the male reproductive system

A

produces sperm

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25
Q

what are the organs of the male reproductive system

A

teste, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland

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26
Q

what is the function of the endocrine system

A

regulate metabolic activity

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27
Q

what are the glands of the endocrine system

A

pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes

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28
Q

what is the function of the nervous system

A

receives sensory information from the body, coordinates response to the information

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29
Q

what are the organs of the nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord, nerves

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30
Q

Median or midsagittal; divides body into left and right

A

sagittal plane

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31
Q

coronal plane; divides the body into front and back

A

frontal plane

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32
Q

horizontal plane; divides the body into upper and lower

A

transverse plane

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33
Q

perpendicular slice to the long axis of a structure

A

cross section

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34
Q

lengthwise slice to the long axis of a structure

A

longitudinal section

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35
Q

what are the body regions

A

brachial, cephalic, cervical, crural

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36
Q

what is in the anterior trunk

A

thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, pubic regions

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37
Q

what is in the posterior trunk

A

dorsum, vertebral, and gluteal regions

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38
Q

what are the dorsal cavities

A

cranial, spinal

39
Q

what are the ventral cavities

A

thoracic, abdominopelvic

40
Q

organs in the ventral cavities are referred to as _____

A

viscera

41
Q

viscere are in a ____ ____ ___

A

double layered sac

42
Q

parietal is on the ____ and visceral is on the _____

A

outside; inside

43
Q

the sac in the thoracic cavity is called the ____

A

pleura

44
Q

the sac in the abdominopelvic cavity is the ________

A

peritoneum

45
Q

more toward head, above something else

A

superior/cephalic

46
Q

more toward feet, below something else

A

inferior/caudal

47
Q

more toward front or belly

A

anterior/ventral

48
Q

more toward back or spinal cord

A

posterior/dorsal

49
Q

more toward the middle

A

medial

50
Q

more toward the side

A

lateral

51
Q

closer to point of attachment

A

proximal

52
Q

farther away from point of attachment

A

distal

53
Q

tup or summit of an organ

A

apex

54
Q

bottom or lower part of an organ

A

base

55
Q

more toward the surface

A

superficial

56
Q

farther from the surface

A

deep

57
Q

lying face upward

A

supine

58
Q

lying face downward

A

prone

59
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

60
Q

CV

A

cardiovascular

61
Q

ENT

A

ear, nose, throat

62
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

63
Q

GYN

A

gynecology

64
Q

lat

A

lateral

65
Q

LE

A

lower extremity

66
Q

MS

A

musculoskeletal

67
Q

OB

A

obstetrics

68
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior

69
Q

UE

A

upper extremity

70
Q

advantages of oral drugs

A

ease of administration, slow absorption rate

71
Q

disadvantages of oral drugs

A

slow absorptions rate, may not tolerate stomach acid, may be corrosive to stomach lining

72
Q

______ drugs are held under the tongue

A

sublingual

73
Q

medication is absorbed by _______

A

blood vessels

74
Q

sublingual method is _____ than the oral method

A

faster

75
Q

The _________ route requires the skin to be punctured by a needle

A

parenteral

76
Q

medication injected into body cavity

A

intracavitary route

77
Q

medication injected under epidermis at a shallow level

A

intradermal route

78
Q

medication injected into the muscle of buttocks or thighs

A

intramuscular route

79
Q

medication injected into the meningeal space

A

intrathecal route

80
Q

medication injected into a vein

A

intravenous route

81
Q

medication injected into the subcutaneous layer of skin in the upper arm or abdomen

A

subcutaneous route

82
Q

______ route involves medications absorbed through the skin

A

transdermal

83
Q

____ route involves medication introduced in the rectal cavity

A

rectal route

84
Q

_____ route includes medications applied to the skin

A

topical

85
Q

_____ medications are inserted in the vagina

A

vaginal

86
Q

Where are buccal drugs placed

A

under the lip or between the cheeck and the gum

87
Q

ID

A

intradermal

88
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

89
Q

IV

A

intravenous

90
Q

sl

A

sublingual

91
Q

subc, subq

A

subcutaneous

92
Q

suppos, supp

A

suppository

93
Q

top

A

apply topically

Medical Terminology (36 decks)

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