Ch. 7 Concepts Flashcards
What are the organs of the respiratory system (6)
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
what are the organs of the respiratory responsible for? (3)
bring in fresh air, exchange oxygen or carbon dioxide, exhaling stale air
what are the three parts that respiration is divided into
ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration
what is ventilation
the flow of air between the outside environment and the lungs
what are the two stages of ventilation
inhalation and exhalation
what is inhalation
the flow of air into the lungs, bringing in fresh oxygen
what is exhalation
the flow of air out of the lungs, removing carbon dioxide
true or false: oxygen leaves air sacs and enters the blood stream
true
true or false: carbon dioxide leaves the bloodstream and enters air sacs
true
air enters the nasal cavity at the _____
nares
the nasal cavity is divided by the ____ _____
nasal septum
the _____ separates the nasal cavity from the mouth
palate
____ _____ lines the cavity
mucous membrane
____ line the nasal openings and filter air
cilia
_____ ______ aid in sound production and voice resonance
paranasal sinuses
how long is the pharynx
5 inches
what is the pharynx divided into
the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
where is the opening of the eustachian tube
the nasopharynx
The larynx is located in between the _____ and _______
pharynx; trachea
the larynx houses the ____ _____
vocal cords
What is the name of the opening between the folds
glottis
how do the folds make sounds
they vibrate as air passes through the glottis
what is the function of the epiglottis
prevents food and liquid from being inhaled into the lungs
What does the epiglottis cover during swallowing
the larynx and the trachea
What is the larynx made of
cartilaginous plates held in place by ligaments and muscles
What is the trachea composed of
smooth muscle and cartilage rings
what does the trachea do
carry air from the larynx to the main bronchi
what lines the trachea
mucous membrane and cilia
the distal end of the trachea divides into the ________
the left and right main bronchi
what are the narrowest branches called
bronchioles
where do bronchioles terminate
alveoli
where does gas exchange occur
pulmonary capillaries that encase alveolie
what protects the lungs
pleura
what is the outer pleura called
parietal pleura
what is the inner pleura called
visceral pleura
How many lobes does the right lung have
three
how many lobes does the left lung have
two
what is the entry and exit point for bronchi, vessels, and nerves
the medial hilum
unforced breaths are considered
passive
forced breaths are considered
active
