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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 Word Parts > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Word Parts Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ankylo

A

stiff joint

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2
Q

arthro

A

joint

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3
Q

articulo

A

joint

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4
Q

burso

A

sac

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5
Q

carpo

A

carpus

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6
Q

cervico

A

neck

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7
Q

chondro

A

cartilage

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8
Q

claviculo

A

clavicle

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9
Q

coccygo

A

coccyx

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10
Q

cortico

A

outer layer

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11
Q

costo

A

rib

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12
Q

cranio

A

skull

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13
Q

femoro

A

femur

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14
Q

fibulo

A

fibula

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15
Q

humero

A

humerous

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16
Q

ilio

A

ilium

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17
Q

ischio

A

ischium

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18
Q

kypho

A

hump

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19
Q

lamino

A

lamina

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20
Q

lordo

A

bent backwards

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21
Q

lumbo

A

loin, lower back

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22
Q

mandibulo

A

mandible

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23
Q

maxillo

A

maxilla

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24
Q

medullo

A

inner portion

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25
Q

metacarpo

A

metacarpus

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26
Q

metatarso

A

metatarsus

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27
Q

myelo

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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28
Q

ortho

A

straight

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29
Q

osteo

A

bone

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30
Q

patello

A

patella

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31
Q

pectoro

A

chest

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32
Q

pedo

A

foot, child

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33
Q

pelvo

A

pelvis

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34
Q

phalango

A

phalanges

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35
Q

podo

A

foot

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36
Q

prostheto

A

addition

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37
Q

pubo

A

pubis

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38
Q

radio

A

radius, ray

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39
Q

sacro

A

sacrum

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40
Q

scapulo

A

scapula

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41
Q

scolio

A

crooked

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42
Q

spino

A

spine

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43
Q

spondylo

A

vertebrae

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44
Q

sterno

A

sternum

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45
Q

synovio

A

synovial membrane

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46
Q

synovo

A

synovial membrane

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47
Q

tarso

A

tarsus

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48
Q

thoraco

A

chest

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49
Q

tibio

A

tibia

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50
Q

ulno

A

ulna

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51
Q

vertebro

A

vertebrae

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52
Q

-blast

A

immature

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53
Q

-clasia

A

to break surgically

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54
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

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55
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

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56
Q

-logic

A

pertaining to study of

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57
Q

-porosis

A

porous

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58
Q

dis-

A

apart

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59
Q

non-

A

not

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60
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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61
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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62
Q

-algia

A

pain

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63
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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64
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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65
Q

-centesis

A

puncture to withdraw fluid

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66
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

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67
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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68
Q

-genic

A

producing

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69
Q

-gram

A

record

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70
Q

-graph

A

record

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71
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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72
Q

-iatry

A

medical treatment

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73
Q

-ory

A

pertaining to

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74
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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75
Q

-otomy

A

cutting into

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76
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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77
Q

-pathy

A

disease

78
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

79
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

80
Q

dis-

A

apart

81
Q

ex-

A

outward

82
Q

inter-

A

between

83
Q

intra-

A

within

84
Q

per-

A

through

85
Q

pre-

A

before

86
Q

sub-

A

below, under

87
Q

ducto

A

to bring

88
Q

extenso

A

to stretch out

89
Q

fascio

A

fibrous band

90
Q

fibro

A

fibers

91
Q

flexo

A

to bend

92
Q

kinesio

A

movement

93
Q

musculo

A

muscle

94
Q

myo

A

muscle

95
Q

myoso

A

muscle

96
Q

planto

A

sole of foot

97
Q

rotato

A

to revolve

98
Q

teno

A

tendon

99
Q

tendo

A

tendon

100
Q

tendino

A

tendon

101
Q

verso

A

to turn

102
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

103
Q

-ion

A

action, condition

104
Q

-kinesia

A

movement

105
Q

-tonia

A

tone

106
Q

-trophic

A

pertaining to development

107
Q

ab-

A

away from

108
Q

ad-

A

toward

109
Q

circum-

A

around

110
Q

e-

A

outward

111
Q

-phoresis

A

carrying

112
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

113
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

114
Q

re-

A

again

115
Q

ultra-

A

beyond

116
Q

kinesiology

A

the science that studies movement, how it is produced, and the muscles involved

117
Q

occupational therapy

A

assists a person to regain, develop, and improve skills important for independent functioning

118
Q

physical medicine

A

branch of medicine focused on restoring function; physician is a physiatrist

119
Q

physical therapy

A

involved the evaluation and treatment of disorders as well as rehabilitation using physical methods

120
Q

adhesion

A

scar tissue in fascia; makes muscle movement difficult

121
Q

atonia

A

lack of muscle tone

122
Q

atrophy

A

poor muscle development; result of muscle disease or lack of use; muscle wasting

123
Q

bradykinesia

A

having slow movements

124
Q

contracture

A

abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons, or fascia

125
Q

dyskinesia

A

having difficult or abnormal movements

126
Q

dystonia

A

having abnormal muscle tone

127
Q

hyperkinesia

A

having an excessive amount of movement

128
Q

hypertonia

A

having excessive muscle tone

129
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in muscle bulk from use

130
Q

hypokinesia

A

having insufficient amount of movement

131
Q

hypotonia

A

having insufficient muscle tone

132
Q

intermittent claudication

A

attacks of severe pain and lameness caused by muscle ischemia; usually in calf muscles

133
Q

myalgia

A

muscle pain

134
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

135
Q

myotonia

A

muscle tone

136
Q

spasm

A

sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction

137
Q

tenodynia

A

tendon pain

138
Q

fibromyalgia

A

widespread aching and pain in muscles and soft tissue

139
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

inflammation of elbow muscles; caused by strong gripping; tennis elbow

140
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

inherited disease with progressive muscle atrophy

141
Q

myopathy

A

general term for muscle disease

142
Q

myorrhexis

A

tearing a muscle

143
Q

necrotizing fasciitis

A

infection that results in death of the soft tissue

144
Q

polymyositis

A

inflammation fo two or more muscles

145
Q

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

A

one type of inherited muscular dystrophy; also called Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

146
Q

torticollis

A

severe neck spasms pulling head to one side: wryneck or crick in the neck

147
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

repetitive motion disorder; compression of finger tendons and median nerve as they pass through carpal tunnel of the wrist

148
Q

ganglion cyst

A

cyst on tendon sheath; usually on hand, wrist, or ankle

149
Q

repetitive motion disorder

A

chronic disorders involving tendon, muscles, joints, and nerve damage; tissue is subjected to pressure, vibration, or repetitive movements

150
Q

rotator cuff injury

A

joint capsule of shoulder joint is reinforced by tendons; high degree of flexibility puts rotator cuff at risk for strain and tearing

151
Q

strain

A

damage to muscle, tendons, or ligaments due to overuse or overstretching

152
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of a tendon

153
Q

creatine phosphokinase

A

muscle enzyme found in skeletal and cardiac muscle; elevated blood levels indicate muscle damage; seen in muscular dystrophy and heart attack

154
Q

deep tendon reflexes

A

muscle contraction in response to stretch; used to determine if muscles are responding properly

155
Q

electromyogram

A

hardcopy record produced by EMG

156
Q

electromyography

A

study of strength and quality of muscle contraction in response to electrical stimulation

157
Q

muscle biopsy

A

removal of muscle tissue for examination

158
Q

activities of daily living

A

activities typically performed in a normal day, like dressing and washing

159
Q

cryotherapy

A

cold treatment

160
Q

gait training

A

assisting a patient to learn to walk again or teaching them to use assistive devices to walk

161
Q

hydrotherapy

A

application of warm water

162
Q

massage

A

kneading or applying pressure by hand to promote muscle relaxation

163
Q

mobilization

A

exercise, massage, and physical manipulation to restore movement

164
Q

passive range of motion

A

putting a joint through the range of motion without assistance

165
Q

phonophoresis

A

use of ultrasound waves to introduce medication across skin

166
Q

therapeutic exercise

A

exercise planned and carried out to achieve physical benefit

167
Q

thermotherapy

A

application of heat

168
Q

ultrasound therapy

A

use of ultrasound waves to create heat in soft tissues under the skin

169
Q

carpal tunnel release

A

cutting of ligament in wrist to relieve pressure caused by carpal tunnel syndrome

170
Q

fasciotomy

A

surgically cutting into fascia

171
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of a muscle

172
Q

myorrhaphy

A

procedure to suture together a muscle

173
Q

tendoplasty

A

surgical repair of a tendon

174
Q

tendotomy

A

procedure to cut into a tendon

175
Q

tenodesis

A

surgical stabilization of a joint by anchoring down tendons of muscles that move the joint

176
Q

tenoplasty

A

surgical repair of a tendon

177
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

procedure to suture together a tendon

178
Q

ADLs

A

activities of daily living

179
Q

CK

A

creatine kinase

180
Q

CPK

A

creatine phosphokinase

181
Q

CTS

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

182
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflexes

183
Q

EMG

A

electromyogram

184
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

185
Q

MD

A

muscular dystrophy

186
Q

NF

A

necrotizing fasciitis

187
Q

OT

A

occupational therapy

188
Q

PROM

A

passive range of motion

189
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

190
Q

US

A

ultrasound

Medical Terminology (36 decks)

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