Chapter 4 Concepts Flashcards
Bones are also called ___
osseous tissue
the fetal skeleton is made of ____
cartilage
The cartilage is replaced by ____ that mature into _____
osteoblasts; osteocytes
name for the central shaft of the bone
diaphysis
The diaphysis contains the _____
medullary cavity
name for the wide portion at the end of bones
epiphysis
what covers the epiphysis
articular cartilage
what covers the everything on the bone but the epiphysis
periosteum
where is compact/cortical bone located
outside
where is cancellous/spongy bone found
the inside
projections and depressions are called ____
processes
round, smooth processes allow for _____
join articulation
rough processes prove attachment points for _____
muscle
Large smooth ball-shaped end of a long bone
head
smooth rounded portion at end of bone
condyle
projection above or on a condyle
epicondyle
large rough process
trochanter
small rough process
tubercle
large rough process
tuberosity
Hollow cavity within bone
sinus
smooth opening for nerves and blood vessels
foramen
shallow cavity or depression within a bone
fossa
a slit-like opening
fissure
What are the two divisions of the skeleton
The axial and appendicular skeletons
What does the axial skeleton contain
head, neck, spine, chest, and trunk
what does the appendicular skeleton contain
pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, lower extremities
What parts can the cranium be subdivided into?
the frontal bone, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital bone
What are the different facial bones
mandible, maxilla, two zygomatic bones, vomer, palatine, two nasal bones, two lacrimal bones
What are the different sections of the vertebral column
cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae. sacrum, coccyx
What are other names for the pelvic girdle
os coxae, innominate bone, hipbone
What are the parts of the pelvic girdle
the ilium, ischium, and pubis
What are the three different types of joints
synovial joints, cartilaginous joints, fibrous joints
true or false: synovial joints are free moving joints referred to as ball and socket joints
true
true or false: cartilaginous joints allow for slight movement
true
true or false: fibrous joints allow almost no movement
true
What are the three types of muscle
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Muscle is wrapped in _____ that tapers to form a tendon
fascia
The tendon is anchored to bone by the _____
periosteum
Skeletal muscle is stimulated by ______ at the _______
motor neurons; myoneural junction
Where is smooth muscle found
the internal organs
Cardiac muscle is also called ______
myocardium
