Chapter 4 Concepts

Question 1

Bones are also called ___

Answer 1

osseous tissue

Question 2

the fetal skeleton is made of ____

Answer 2

cartilage

Question 3

The cartilage is replaced by ____ that mature into _____

Answer 3

osteoblasts; osteocytes

Question 4

name for the central shaft of the bone

Answer 4

diaphysis

Question 5

The diaphysis contains the _____

Answer 5

medullary cavity

Question 6

name for the wide portion at the end of bones

Answer 6

epiphysis

Question 7

what covers the epiphysis

Answer 7

articular cartilage

Question 8

what covers the everything on the bone but the epiphysis

Answer 8

periosteum

Question 9

where is compact/cortical bone located

Answer 9

outside

Question 10

where is cancellous/spongy bone found

Answer 10

the inside

Question 11

projections and depressions are called ____

Answer 11

processes

Question 12

round, smooth processes allow for _____

Answer 12

join articulation

Question 13

rough processes prove attachment points for _____

Answer 13

muscle

Question 14

Large smooth ball-shaped end of a long bone

Answer 14

head

Question 15

smooth rounded portion at end of bone

Answer 15

condyle

Question 16

projection above or on a condyle

Answer 16

epicondyle

Question 17

large rough process

Answer 17

trochanter

Question 18

small rough process

Answer 18

tubercle

Question 19

large rough process

Answer 19

tuberosity

Question 20

Hollow cavity within bone

Answer 20

sinus

Question 21

smooth opening for nerves and blood vessels

Answer 21

foramen

Question 22

shallow cavity or depression within a bone

Answer 22

fossa

Question 23

a slit-like opening

Answer 23

fissure

Question 24

What are the two divisions of the skeleton

Answer 24

The axial and appendicular skeletons

Question 25

What does the axial skeleton contain

Answer 25

head, neck, spine, chest, and trunk

Question 26

what does the appendicular skeleton contain

Answer 26

pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, lower extremities

Question 27

What parts can the cranium be subdivided into?

Answer 27

the frontal bone, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital bone

Question 28

What are the different facial bones

Answer 28

mandible, maxilla, two zygomatic bones, vomer, palatine, two nasal bones, two lacrimal bones

Question 29

What are the different sections of the vertebral column

Answer 29

cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae. sacrum, coccyx

Question 30

What are other names for the pelvic girdle

Answer 30

os coxae, innominate bone, hipbone

Question 31

What are the parts of the pelvic girdle

Answer 31

the ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 32

What are the three different types of joints

Answer 32

synovial joints, cartilaginous joints, fibrous joints

Question 33

true or false: synovial joints are free moving joints referred to as ball and socket joints

Answer 33

true

Question 34

true or false: cartilaginous joints allow for slight movement

Answer 34

true

Question 35

true or false: fibrous joints allow almost no movement

Answer 35

true

Question 36

What are the three types of muscle

Answer 36

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 37

Muscle is wrapped in _____ that tapers to form a tendon

Answer 37

fascia

Question 38

The tendon is anchored to bone by the _____

Answer 38

periosteum

Question 39

Skeletal muscle is stimulated by ______ at the _______

Answer 39

motor neurons; myoneural junction

Question 40

Where is smooth muscle found

Answer 40

the internal organs

Question 41

Cardiac muscle is also called ______

Answer 41

myocardium