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Anatomy And Physiology PHS > Chapter 4 - Tissues > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Matrix

A

The amount and kind of fluid between cells. Sometimes called extra cellular matrix

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2
Q

Collagen

A

Protein that forms microscopic twisted ropes. Gives tissues flexible strength.

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3
Q

Elastin

A

Rubbery quality gives tissue the ability to stretch and rebound easily.

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4
Q

Proteoglycans

A

Various functions of the matrix. Linking, shock absorbing, regulation of tissue function and lubrication.

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5
Q

Simple cell arrangement

A

Single layer of cells of the same shape

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6
Q

Stratified

A

Many layers of cells. Named for the shape of the cells in the outer layer

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7
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A

Single layer of thin and irregularly shaped cells. Substances can readily pass though making transport their specialty.

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8
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Several layers of closely packed cells. Adept at protection.

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9
Q

Cuboidal epithelium

A

Single layer of cells about as high as wide. Forms tubules and other groups adapted for secretory activity. Form rings.

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10
Q

Exocrine gland

A

Release secretions through a duct

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11
Q

Endocrine gland

A

Release secretions directly into the blood.

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12
Q

Simplified columnar epithelium

A

Found on the inner lining of the stomach, intestines and some areas of the respiratory and reproductive tracts. Specialize in absorption.

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13
Q

Goblet cell

A

Space between the simple columnar epithelium that secrete mucus.

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14
Q

Pseduostratified epithelium

A

Look to be stratified but touch the base membrane. Typical of the trachea

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15
Q

Stratified transitional epithelium

A

Found in areas subject to stress. Up to 10 layers of different shaped cells. When stretching occurs cell layers decrease and cells change shape from cuboidal to squamous.

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16
Q

Connective tissue

A

Most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body. Most varied.

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17
Q

Types of Fibrous connective tissue

A

Loose fibrous, adipose, reticular, dense fibrous

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18
Q

Types of bone connective tissue

A

Compact, cancellous

19
Q

Types of cartilage connective tissue

A

Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic

20
Q

Major types of connective tissue

A

Fibrous, bone, cartilage, blood, hematopoietic

21
Q

Loose fibrous connective tissue

A

Most widely distributed type of connective tissue. Glue that keeps organs of the body together. Made of collagen or elastin

22
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Tissue that stores lipids. Secretes hormones that help regulate metabolism and fuel storage in the body.

23
Q

Reticular tissue

A

Thin delicate webs of collagen fibers. Found in bone marrow, spleen and lymph nodes.

24
Q

Dense fibrous connective tissue

A

Thick bundles of strong white collagen fibers packed closely together.

25
Q

Regular dense fibrous connective tissue

A

Makes up tendons. Cannot stretch.

26
Q

Irregular dense fibrous connective tissue

A

Collagen arranged in chaotic swirls. Deepest layer of skin. Some stretch

27
Q

Bone

A

Dense packing of collagen bundles encrusted with mineral crystals containing calcium.

28
Q

Cartilage

A

Consistency of firm plastic or gristle like gel. 3 major types

29
Q

Chondrocytes

A

Cartilage cells

30
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Most common cartilage. Translucent. Moderate amount of collagen. Common in respiratory tubes and the ends of bones that form joints.

31
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Strongest and most rigid. Dense packing of collagen. Shock absorbers of vertebrae and knees.

32
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Highly flexible. External ear, voice box, larynx.

33
Q

Blood tissue

A

Liquid matrix. Transports and performs protective functions.

34
Q

Hematopoietic tissue

A

Responsible for formation of red blood cells and lymphatic cells. Found in marrow, tonsils, spleen and lymph nodes

35
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Movement specialists. High degree of contractility. Slow to heal. Skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle tissue.

36
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue

A

Also called striated. Voluntary control of muscles is possible. Attached to the bone. Many cross striations. Many nuclei per cell.

37
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue

A

Forms the walls of the heart. Have intercalated disks.

38
Q

Smooth muscle tissue

A

Involuntary. No cross striations. Only one nucleus. Walls of blood vessels, hollow organs and other tube shaped structures. Help propel materials through digestive system.

39
Q

Nervous tissues

A

Provide rapid communication between body structures and control of body functions.

40
Q

Neurons

A

Nerve cells

41
Q

Neuroglia

A

Connecting and supporting nervous cells

42
Q

Axon

A

Carries impulses away from nerve cell

43
Q

Dendrites

A

Carry impulses toward cell body.

Anatomy And Physiology PHS (21 decks)

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