Chapter 13 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Apical beat
Heartbeat heard at the apex of the heart.
CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Atria
Upper chamber of the heart. Plural atrium. Smaller than ventricles. Walls are thinner and less muscular have ear-like extensions called auricles. Receiving chambers
Ventricles
Lower chambers of the heart. Sometimes discharging chambers
Auricles
Extensions of the atrias
Myocardium
Cardiac muscle.
Interatrial septum
Wall that divides the atria
Interventricular septum
Divided the ventricles
Endocardium
Thin layer of very smooth tissue that lines each chamber of the heart.
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the endocardium. Becomes rough and abrasive to red blood cells passing over the surface and subject to clotting that could be fatal.
Pericardium
Covering of the heart. Has two layers of fibrous tissue with small space between then.
Visceral pericardium
Inner layer of pericardium. Also called epicardium.
Parietal pericardium
Outer layer of the pericardium. Fits like a loose sack allowing enough room for the heart to beat.
Pericarditis
Inflammation of the pericardium
Systole
Contraction of the heart
Diastole
Relaxation of the heart
Atrioventricular valves
Valves between atrium and ventricle. Prevents back flow of blood into the atria when the ventricles contract
Bicuspid valve
Left AV valve. Also called the mitral valve
Tricuspid valve
Right AV valve
Chordae tendinae
Stringlike structures that attach AV valves to walls of the ventricles
Semilunar valves
Valves between ventricles and the large artery that carries blood away from the heart.
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Right side of the heart between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Aortic semilunar valve
Left side between left atrium and the aorta
Pulmonary circulation
Movement of blood from right ventricle to the lungs
Systemic circulation
Flow of blood from the left ventricle throughout the body.
Coronary circulation
Circulation of blood to the myocardium.