Chapter 4 Glossary Flashcards
What does blind mean?
When the researcher and/or participant are unaware of information that might bias their responses.
What is categorical data synonymous with?
Synonymous with nominal data.
What is concurrent validity?
Assessing a measure by its correlation with a criterion that has already been measured or can be measured simultaneously.
What is convergent validity?
Occurs when different studies, using different operational definitions, produce similar findings.
What is criterion?
The variable that we are attempting to predict in regression.
What is criterion-related validity?
Measures, such as predictive and concurrent validity measures, that are established by correlation with known criterion measures.
What is effective range?
The range over which the dependent measure accurately reflects the level of the dependent variable.
What is internal consistent reliability?
Index of the homogeneity of the iterms of a measure.
What is interrater reliability?
Index of the consistency of ratings between separate raters.
What is the interval scale?
Scale of measurement in which the distance between adjacent scores is the same anywhere on the scale, but zero is not a true zero.
What is measurement error?
Any inaccuracy found in the measurement of a variable.
What is the multimethod approach?
In research, using several measures of a single concept to increas confident in the results.
What is nominal data?
Data that are frequencies of particpants in each category.
What is the nominal scale?
Scale of measurement in which the scores are categories.
What is objective measure?
Any measure that requires little or no judgement on the part of the person making the measurement.
What is the operational definition?
Procedures used to measure or manipulate a variable.
What is ordered data?
Data produced by ordinal scales of measurement.
What is an ordinal scale?
Scale of measurement in which the scores can be rank ordered, but the distance between adjacent scores varies.
What is plagerism?
The deliberate distortion of information by presenting another person’s work as one’s own.
What is predictive validity?
The degree to which a measure can accurately identify a person’s future.
What is a predictor measure?
The variable used to predict the criterion measure.
What is a ratio scale?
Scale of measurement in which the intervals between scores are equal and the zero point on the scale represent a zero level of the quality being measured.
What is reliability?
Index of the consistency of a meaning instrument in repeatedly providing the same score for a given participant.
What is response set bias?
Any tendency for a participant to distort responses to a dependent measure and thus create measurement errors.
What are scale attenuation effects?
Any aspect of the measuring instrument that limits the ability of the instrument to make discrimination at the top of the scale.
What are scales of measurements?
How well scores on a measurement instrument match the real number system.
What is score data?
Data produced by interval and ratio scales of measurement.
What is social desirability?
Response set in which participants tend to say what they believe is expected of them.
What is test-retest reliability?
Index of the consistency in scores over time.
What is validity?
Validity refers to the methodological and/or conceptual soundness of research.
