Chapter 12 Practice Questions Flashcards
What are factorial designs?
Factorial designs are designs with more than one independent variable.
Why does a factorial study test at least three null hypotheses?
A factorial study must have at least two factors. With two factors, there will be the main effects of two factors and thie interaction.
What is an interaction?
An interaction involves two variables in which the effect of one variable differs depending on the level of the other variable.
What is a main effect?
Main effect refers to the individual effect on each factor on the dependent variable.
When would you rather use a factorial rather than a single variable design?
Factorial designs are used when the researcher is interested in the interactive effects of two or more independent variables.
In terms of main effects and interactions, what outcomes are possible in a factorial?
Any combination of main effects and factorials is possible in a factorial study.
Why should one interpret the interaction first when both a main effect and an interaction are significant?
We always inteprprey main effects in light of the interaction, because the main effects may be present only when some specific combination of the factors is present.
What are the major advantages of a repeated measures factorial?
The major advantages of repeated measures factorials are that fewer participants are needed and there is greater sensitivity to the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
What are the two meanings of a mixed design?
They can be mixed by having both within subject and between subjects factor, both manipulated and nonmanipulated factors.
Explain the implications of a mixed designs for a interpretation of results and statistical analyses?
They must take into account the type of factors during data analysis.
What does an analysis of covariance do?
It removes the effects that are theoritically unimportant, but nonetheless powerful, variable from the dependnet variables scores as part of analysis.
How does a MANOVA differ from an ANOVA?
Manova includes more than one dependent variable, whereas an ANOVA includes only a single dependent variable in the analysis.
What is the difference between assent and consent?
Consent is a legal term. Assent means agreeing.
How can we solve the problem of a no-treatment control group in clinical trials research?
To provide that group with treatment after the study has completed.
