Chapter 4- Communications And Documentation

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

The transmission of information to another person, verbally or nonverbally

Question 2

Documentation

Answer 2

The written or electronically recorded portion of your patient care interaction that becomes part of the patients permanent medical record

Question 3

Therapeutic communication

Answer 3

Uses various communication techniques and strategies, both verbal and nonverbal, to encourage patients to express how they are feeling and to achieve a positive relationship with the patient

Question 4

Factors and strategies to consider during communication

Answer 4

Age, body language, clothing, culture, education, environment, eye contact, facial expression, gender, posture, voice tempo, volume

Question 5

What is the Shannon weaver communication model

Answer 5

It was developed to assist in a mathematical theory of communication (figuring out the math involved in sending information to telephone lines)

Question 6

Ethnocentrism

Answer 6

Putting your own cultural values as more important when you were interacting with people of a different culture

Question 7

Cultural imposition

Answer 7

when one person imposes his or her beliefs, values, and practices on another because here she believes his ideas are superior

Question 8

What steps can you take to diffuse a situation with an angry person?

Answer 8

1. Assess the safety of the scene (law enforcement needs)
2. Do not assume an aggressive posture
3. Make good eye contact, but do not stare
4. Speak calmly, confidently, and slowly
5. Never threaten the patient, either verbally or physically

Question 9

Noise

Answer 9

Anything the dampens or obscures the true meaning of the message

Question 10

Define distance of personal space for intimate, personal, social, and public

Answer 10

Intimate: less than 18 inches, whispering touching must be invited
Personal: 18 in. to 4 feet, Conversations with close friends or family
Social: 4 feet to 10 feet, conversations with acquaintances
Public: 10 feet to 25 feet, interacting with strangers

Question 11

Open ended questions

Answer 11

Questions that the patient needs to provide some level of detail to give an answer

Question 12

closed ended questions

Answer 12

And be answered with a very short response

Question 13

What are the 10 golden rules to help calm and reassure your patient and provided therapeutic rapport

Answer 13

1. Make and keep eye contact with the patient at all times
2. Provide your name and use the patients proper name
3. Tell the patient the truth
4. Use language that the patient can understand
5. Be careful what you say about the patient to others
6. Be aware of your body language
7. Always speak slowly, clearly, and distinctly
8. If the patient is hard of hearing, faced a person so that he or she can read your lips
9. Allow time for the patient to answer or respond to your questions
10. Act and speak in a calm, confident manner while caring for the patient

Question 14

Rapport

Answer 14

Building a trusting relationship with your patient

Question 15

What are five steps you can initiate to efficiently communicate with patients who are hard of hearing

Answer 15

1. I have a paper and pen available
2. If the patient can read lips, you should face the patient and speak slowly and distinctly
3. Never shout
4. Be sure to listen carefully, ask certain questions, give short answers
5. Learn some simple phrases in sign language

Question 16

What six components must be included in the oral report

Answer 16

1. Opening information (patients name, chief complaint, NOI or MOI)
2. Detailed information that was not provided during the radio report
3. Any important history
4. The patient’s response treatment given en route
5. Vital signs assessed during transport and after the radio report
6. Other information you may have gathered that was not important enough to report sooner

Question 17

Patient care report (prehospital care report)

Answer 17

The legal document used to record all aspects of the care your patient received, from initial dispatch to arrival at the hospital

Question 18

The patient care report serves the following six functions

Answer 18

1. Continuity of care
2. Legal documentation
3. Education
4. Administrative information
5. Essential research record
6. Evaluation and continuous quality improvement

Question 19

The narrative section of the PCR needs to include the following information

Answer 19

Time of events
Assessment findings
emergency medical care provided
Changes in the patient after treatment
Final patient disposition
Observations at the scene
Refusal of care
Staff person who continued care

Question 20

What does SOAP stand for?

Answer 20

Subjective, objective, assessment, and patient care

Question 21

What does CHART or CHARTE stand for

Answer 21

Chief complaint, history and physical examination, assessment, treatment, and transport

Question 22

Base station

Answer 22

A base station is any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed place

Question 23

Channel

Answer 23

An assigned frequency or frequencies used to carry voice and or data communications

Question 24

Dedicated line (hotline)

Answer 24

Used for specific point to point contact

Question 25

VHF (Very high frequency)

Answer 25

Mobile radios operating between 30 and 300 MHz

Question 26

UHF(ultra high frequency)

Answer 26

Radios that operate between 300 MHZ and 3000 MHZ

Question 27

Portable radios

Answer 27

Handheld devices that operate at 1 to 5 W of power

Question 28

Repeater

Answer 28

Especial base station radio that receives messages and signals on one frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency

Question 29

Telemetry

Answer 29

Electronic signals are converted into coded, audible signals

Question 30

Cellular telephone

Answer 30

These telephones are simply low powered portable radios that communicate through a series of interconnected repeater stations called cells

Question 31

Simplex

Answer 31

Push to talk, release to listen

Question 32

Duplex system

Answer 32

Simultaneous talk and listen. Communications on UHF frequencies and cellular telephones

Question 33

Multiplex

Answer 33

This design utilizes two or more frequencies, which enables more than one transmission to occur simultaneously and provides for transmission of both audio and data signals via deprecate channels

Question 34

MED channels

Answer 34

Are reserved exclusively for EMS use

Question 35

Trunking

Answer 35

800 MHz Systems where are many frequencies are assigned to a group

Question 36

Interoperable communication system

Answer 36

Allows all of the agencies involved to share a valuable information with each other in real time

Question 37

Mobile data terminal (MDT)

Answer 37

A small computer terminal inside the ambulance that directly receives data from the dispatch center

Question 38

Federal Communications Commission

Answer 38

Has jurisdiction over interstate in international telephone and telegraph services and satellite communications

Question 39

Standing orders

Answer 39

Written documents that I’ve been signed by the EMS Systems medical director