Chapter 39- Incident Management Flashcards
Mass casualty incident (MCI)
Any call that involves three or more patients, or any situation that can place great demand on the equipment or personal of the EMS system, or has the potential to produce Multiple casualties
Mutual aid response
An agreement between neighboring EMS Systems to respond when local resources are insufficient to handle the response
National incident management system (NIMS)
A department of homeland security system designed to enable federal, state, and local government’s and private sector in on governmental organizations to effectively and efficiently prepare for any type of mass casualty situation
What are the 5 major NIMS components?
Preparedness, communications and info management, resource management, command and management, ongoing management and maintenance
Incident command system (ICS)
The purpose is to ensure responder and Public Safety, achieve incident management goals, and ensure the efficient use of resources
Freelancing
When individual units or different organizations make independent and often inefficient decisions about the next appropriate action
Span of control
An incident command, the subordinate position is under the commanders direction to which the workload is distributed; one supervisor per 3 to 7 workers
What are the organization levels of the ICS?
Sections, (responsible for major functional areas such as finance, planning, or operations)
Branches (managed by the branch director, maybe functional geographic in nature. Branches are in charge of Activity directly related to the section
Divisions and groups. Divisions refer to crews working in the same geographic area. Groups usually referred to crews working in the same functional area
Command
Include the public information officer, and safety officer, and liaison officer
Incident commander
The person in charge of the overall incident
Unified command system
A command system used in larger incidents in which there is a multi agency response or multiple jurisdictions are involved
Single command system
One in which one person is in charge, even if multiple agencies respond
Command post
The designated field command center where the incident commander and support staff are located
Termination of command
The end of the incident command structure when an incident draws to a close
Demobilization
The process of directing responders to return to their facilities when work at a disaster or a mass casualty incident has finished.
Finance
In incident command, the position in an incident responsible for accounting of all of the expenses
What are the functions within the finance section?
1) The time unit
2) The procurement unit
3) The compensation and claims unit
4) the cost unit
Logistics
Responsible for communications equipment, facilities, food and water, fuel, lighting, and medical equipment and supplies for patients and emergency responders
Operations
In incident command, the position that carries out the orders of the commander to help resolve the incident
Planning
Solves problems as they arise during the incident
Incident action plan
An oral or written plan stating general objectives reflecting the overall strategy for managing an incident
Safety officer
Monitors the scene for conditions or operations that may present a hazard to responders and patience
Public information officer (PIO)
Provides the public and media with clear and understandable information
Joint info center
In area designated by the incident commander, in which public information officer’s from multiple agencies distribute information about the incident
Liaison officer
Relays information and concerns among command, the general staff, and other agencies
Open incident
When that is not yet contained, there may be patients who have not yet to be located in the situation may be ongoing, producing more patients
Closed incident
When that is contained in in which all casualties are accounted for
What are three main questions that you can ask yourself when sizing up the scene of an incident?
What do I have?
What resources do I need?
What do I need to do?
What are the primary rules of the medical branch of incident command?
Triage, treatment, transportation
Triage supervisor
In charge of counting and prioritizing patients
Treatment supervisor
Will locate and set up the treatment area with a tier (row) for each priority of patient
Transportation supervisor
Coordinates the transportation and distribution of patients to appropriate receiving hospitals in hopes to ensure that hospitals do not become overwhelmed by a patient surge
Staging supervisor
Is assigned when an MCI or disaster requires a multivehicle or multi agency response. Emergency vehicles must have permission from the staging supervisor to enter in MCI scene and she drive only in the directed area
Rehabilitation supervisor
Establishes an area that provides protection for responders from the elements in the situation
Rehabilitation area
Should be located away from exhaust fumes in crowds in and out of you of the scene
Triage
To sort your patients based on the severity of their injuries
Primary triage
The initial triage done in the field, allowing you to quickly and accurately categorize the patient’s condition and transport needs
Secondary triage
Done as patients are brought to the treatment area
What should the triage supervisor report to the medical branch after the primary triage?
The total number of patients
The number of patients in each triage category
Recommendations for extrication and movement of patients to the treatment area
Resources needed to complete triage and begin movement of patients
START triage
One of the easiest methods of triage. Start stands for “simple triage and rapid treatment”
What is the SALT triage method?
Sort, Assess, Lifesaving interventions, and treatment and or transport
JumpSTART triage system
A system directed for pediatric patients. It is intended for children younger than eight years old who appeared to weigh less than 100 pounds. System begins by identifying the walking wounded
Dosaster
A widespread event that disrupts functions and resources in the community and threatens lives and property
What does a urban search and rescue team do?
They typically provide rescue an initial medical stabilization to patients entrapped in confined spaces, such as from a structural collapse
What do disaster medical assistance teams do?
Provide medical care during an incident, they include providers such as physicians, paramedics, nurses, and EMTs that work in the federal level
Hazardous materials incidents
An the incident in which a hazardous material is no longer properly contained and isolated
What areas should emts be aware in regarding hazmat situations?
- an understanding of what hazardous substances are and the risk associated
- an understanding of the potential outcomes of an incident
- The ability to recognize the presence of hazardous substances
- and understanding of the role of the first responder awareness individual in the emergency response plan
- The ability to determine the need for additional resources and notify the communication center
Hazardous material
Any material that poses an unreasonable risk of damage or injury to the people, property, or environment if it is not properly controlled during anytime
Container
Any vessel or receptacle that holds a material
Bulk storage containers
Include fixed tanks, highway cargo tanks, Real tank cars, totes, and intermodal tanks
Secondary containment
An engineered method to control spilled or released product if the main contaminant vessle fails
Intermodal tanks
Both shipping and storage vessels. They hold between 5000 and 6000 gallons of product.
Non bulk storage vessels
All types of containers other than bulk containers. Can hold between a few ounces to 119 gallons.
Drums
Easily recognizable, barrel like containers. They store a wide variety of substances, including food grade materials, corrosives, flammable liquids, and grease
Bags
Commonly used to store solids and powders such as cement powder, pesticides, soda ash, an slaked lime
Carboys
A glass, plastic, or steel container that holds 5 to 15 gallons of product.
Cylinders
Used to hold liquids and gases
Placards
Diamond shaped indicators that are placed on all four sides of Highway transport vehicles, railroad tank cars, and other forms of transportation carrying hazardous materials
Emergency response guidebook
Offers a certain guidance for responders operating at a hazmat incident
Material safety data sheet
A common source of information about a particular chemical
What does the material safety data sheet (MSDS) include?
- The name of the chemical or any synonyms
- physical and chemical characteristics of the material
- physical hazards of the material
- Health hazards of the material
- signs and symptoms of exposure
- routes of entry
Bills of landing or freight bills
Shipping papers for road and highway transportation. They are located in the cab of the vehicle
Chemical transportation emergency center (CHEMTREC)
Operated by chemistry council, is an agency that provides invaluable technical information for first responders of all disciplines were called upon to respond to chemical incidents
What is a hazmat situation often identified by?
- a visible cloud or strange looking smoke resulting from the escaping substance
- a leak of spill from a tank, container, truck or railroad car with or without hazmat placards or labels
- an unusual strong harmful odor in an area
Control zones
Established at a HazMat incident based on the chemical and physical properties of the release material, the environmental factors at the time of the release, and the general layout of the scene
Hot zone
The area immediately surrounding the release, which is also the most contaminated area
Warm zone
Where personnel and equipment transition into and out of got zone
Decontamination area
Set up in the warm zone. It is the area designated where the contaminants are removed before an individual can go to another area
Decontamination
The process of removing or neutralizing and properly disposing of hazardous material from equipment, patients, and rescue personnel
Cold zone
The safe area where personal do not need to wear any special protective clothing for safe operation
Toxicity levels
Measures of the health risk that substance is post to someone who comes into contact with it.
What are the 5 toxicity levels?
0,1,2,3,4
Explain the toxicity levels
0; includes materials that would cause a little, if any health hazard if you came in the contact
1; includes materials that would only cause irritation in contact with only mild residual injury
2; Materials they could cause temporary damage residue all injury unless prompt medical treatment is provided. Use of SCBA is needed.
3; materials that are extremely hazardous to health. Contact requires full protective gear so none of your skin is exposed
4; Materials that are so hazardous that minimal contact with cause death. You need specialized gear equipped specifically for that hazard
PPE levels
The amount and type of PPE that you need to prevent injury from a particular substance
What are the four protection levels, and explain each
Level A, the most hazardous, requires Chem resistant protective clothing
Level B, requires nonincapsulated protective clothing
