Chapter 27-face And Neck Injuries Flashcards
What is the pinna?
The exposed part of the ear
What’s the Tragus?
A small, rounded, fleshy bulge immediately anterior to the ear canal
Mastoid process
About 1 inch posterior to the opening of the ear is a prominent bony mass called the mastoid process
Temporomandibular joint
Where motion of the mandible occurs. Lies just infront of the ear on both sides
Sternocliedomastoid muscles
They allow movement of the head
What percent of the eyeball if protected by the orbit?
More than 80%
Globe
Eyeball
Conjunctiva
A membrane that Covers the inner surface of the eye lid and the exposed surface of the eye itself
Lacrimal glands
Glands that produce a fluid that keeps the conjunctiva moist. (Tear glands)
Sclera
The white of the eye. Made of tough fibrous tissue that keeps the eyes global look and protects the inner structures
Cornea
A clear transparent membrane that covers the sclera on the end of the eye. It allows light to enter into the eye
Iris
A circular muscle that lies behind the cornea, it adjusts the size of the opening in the eye due to light it is pigmented which gives the eye it’s unique color
Pupil
The opening in the center of the iris, which allows light to move to the back of the eye
Anisocoria
A person born with pupils that are not equal
Lens
Like the lens of the camera, the lens focuses images on the light sensitive area at the back of the globe called the retina
Retina
The light sensitive area at the back of the globe
Optic nerve
Transmits impulses to the brain received from the retina
Retinal detachment
If the retina detaches from the underlying choroid and sclera, nerve endings aren’t nourished, and you can experience partial or full blindness
What is the layer of blood vessels that nourish the retina?
Choroid
Conjunctivitis
When the conjunctiva becomes inflamed and red, often associated with a foreign object in the eye
Injuries to the eye are easily detected by what three things?
- Swelling
- Bleeding
- A foreign object in the eye
What should you use to rid a small foreign object from the eye?
Saline solution
What are four ways you can effectively flush an eye out?
nasal cannula, shower, bottle, or basin (while making sure uncontaminated eye is protected
What should you do if skin is avulsed and hanging?
Place it into as best of place as you can and hold it into place with a dry, sterile dressing
Three guidelines in treating penetrating injury of the eye
- Never exert pressure on or manipulate the eye in any way
- If part of the eyeball is exposed, gently apply moist, sterile dressing to prevent drying
- Cover the injured eye with eye shield, cup, or sterile dressing. Apply dressing to both eyes and provide prompt transport to the hospital
Hyphema
Bleeding into the anterior chamber of the eye, that obscures some or all of the iris
Blow out fracture
A fracture of the orbit due to blunt force
Any of the following findings should alert you about an head injury
- one pupil larger than the other
- the eyes aren’t moving together or don’t point in the same direction
- failure for the eyes to follow movement of your finger
- bleeding under the conjunctiva, which obscures the sclera of the eye
- protrusion or bulging of one eye
