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Emergency care and transport of the sick and injured textbook > Chapter 2-Workforce Safety And Wellness > Flashcards

Chapter 2-Workforce Safety And Wellness Flashcards

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1
Q

What must you always focus on, even in a stressful situation

A
  1. Personal safety
  2. Scene safety, including safety of others
  3. Patient care
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2
Q

Name 5 strategies to manage stress

A
  • change the work environment
  • seek professional counseling if needed
  • expand your social support system beyond your coworkers
  • Develop friends outside of the EMS practice
  • minimize the physical response to stress by using various techniques (yoga, slow deep breathing, regular physical exercise, progressive muscle relaxation, meditation, limit intake of caffeine alcohol and tobacco)
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3
Q

Name your bodies three sources of fuel

A

Carbohydrates, fat, and protein

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4
Q

Safe lifting practice tips

A
  • pre-plan the move
  • bend your legs, not your waist
  • keep the weight close to your body
  • lift up using your legs, not your back
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5
Q

List the signs that your sleep pattern is ineffective

A
  • you fall asleep within seconds of laying down
  • you find your self routinely fatigued within an hour or so after an EMS call. The excitement is over and now your adrenaline rush crashes
  • you are unable to make it through the entire day without severe fatigue
  • you are an able to concentrate on repetitive tasks such as driving or completing paperwork
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6
Q

Infectious disease

A

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

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7
Q

Communicable disease

A

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

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8
Q

Pathogen

A

A micro organism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

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9
Q

Contamination

A

The presence of infectious organisms or foreign bodies on or into object such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient body

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10
Q

Exposure

A

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that may allow disease transmission to occur

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11
Q

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

Protective equipment that an individual wears to prevent exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material

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12
Q

Transmission

A

The way in infectious diseases spread

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13
Q

In what ways can diseases be transmitted

A

Through contact, (direct or indirect) airborne, foodborne, and vectorborne (transmitted through insects or parasitic worms)

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14
Q

What is contact transmission?

A

The movement of an organism from one person to another through physical touch

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15
Q

What are the two types of contact transmission?

A

Contact, indirect contact

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16
Q

Direct contact

A

Occurs when an organism is moved from one person to another through touching without any intermediary
Example, sexual transmission can occur if the male or female has a disease

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17
Q

Blood-borne pathogen’s

A

Micro organisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans

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18
Q

InDirect contact

A

The spread of infection from the patient with an infection to another person through an inanimate object

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19
Q

What is the object that transmits an infection in indirect contact?

A

A fomite

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20
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Involves spreading an infectious agent through mechanisms such as droplets or dust
For example, sneezing or coughing

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21
Q

Food borne transmission and example of it

A

Involves the contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease
Make sure raw meat doesn’t come in contact with other foods, and food is stored properly to minimize the possibility of illness

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22
Q

Vectorborne transmission and example of it

A

Involves the spread of infection by animals or insects that carry an organism from one person or place to another.
For example, the black death in Europe and Asia killed more than 25 million people, caused by infected fleas that live on rats

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23
Q

occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)

A

Develops and publishes guidelines concerning reducing hazards in the workplace

24
Q

Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)

A

Developed a set of standard precautions for healthcare workers to use in treating patients

25
Q

Standard precautions

A

Protective measures designed to prevent healthcare workers from coming into contact with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential risks that could lead to exposure to germs

26
Q

Infection control procedures

A

Procedures to reduce infection and patients in healthcare personnel

27
Q

Immune

A

Resistant

28
Q

Hosts

A

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

29
Q

What are the three type of immunity’s and what are their characteristics

A
  1. Lifelong, The illness will not recur
  2. Partial, the person who has recovered from the first infection is unlikely to get a new one from another person, but may develop illness from the same germs
  3. Done, exposure confers no protection from infection
30
Q

What do you do when you are exposed to blood or another body substance?

A

Turn over patient care to another EMS provider, then clean the area with soap and water. If your eyes were exposed rinse then with water for 20 minutes as soon as possible, then activate your departments infection control plan

31
Q

What guidelines should be followed when dealing with hazardous materials

A
  • do not enter the scene if there’s evidence of hazardous materials
  • remain uphill and upwind of the scene
  • keep your distance. This may mean retreating if you become aware of the true nature of the situation
  • quickly contact dispatch
  • request for additional resources
  • don’t enter the scene until instructed to by trained hazardous material responders
32
Q

What are the warning signs just before a lightning strike

A

As your surroundings become charged, you may feel a slight tingling sensation on your skin, or your hair may stand up. Move immediately to the lowest place possible

33
Q

What are seven common hazards in a fire

A
  • smoke
  • o2 deficiency
  • high ambient temperatures
  • toxic gases
  • building collapse
  • equipment
  • explosions
34
Q

What are some questions you can ask yourself while assessing traffic hazards in car crash

A

Is the flow of traffic near and around the crash? How will you safely leave and move about the scene? If you are the first to arrive at the scene, use the ambulance itself as a shield to protect the scene.

35
Q

How far away should you be parked from all crash sites?

A

At least 100 feet

36
Q

What cold weather protection layers should you consider?

A
  1. thin inner layer-This layer Pulls moisture away from your skin, keeping you dry and warm
  2. A thermal inner layer or bulkier material for insulation (wool)
  3. Am outer layer that resists chilling winds and wet conditions such as rain sleet or snow.
37
Q

Signs and symptoms might an anxious person experience

A
  • emotional upset
  • sweaty and cool skin (diaphoretic)
  • rapid breathing (hyperventilation)
  • fast pulse (tachycardia)
  • restlessness
  • tension
  • fear
  • shakiness
38
Q

Concerns of the dying, critically ill, or injured patient

A
  • anxiety
  • pain and fear
  • anger and hostility
  • depression
  • dependency
  • guilt
  • mental health problems
  • receiving unrelated bad news
39
Q

Questions an anxious patient may have

A
  • what will happen to me?
  • what are you doing?
  • will I make it?
  • what will my disabilities be
40
Q

What are characteristics of mental health problems of a dying patient

A
  • loss of contact with reality
  • regression
  • distortion of perception
  • diminished control of basic impulses and desires
  • abnormal mental content (delusions and hallucinations)
41
Q

What are the five steps of the grieving process

A
  1. Denial-refusing to get treatment or believe that sometime had happened, habit demands for an unrealistic miracle
  2. Anger, hostility-projected bad news on to the environment and commonly in all directions, at times almost at random. The person lashes out. Could be directed toward an EMT
  3. Bargaining- attempting to secure a prize for good behavior or promising to change.
  4. Depression-internalizing anger, hopelessness, and the desire to die. It rarely about suicidal threats, complete withdraw, or giving up long before the illness seems terminal
  5. Acceptance. Excepting the impending death of the patient, or excepting the death of a loved one
42
Q

When responding to grief, what are some things you shouldn’t say?

A
  • give it time, things will get better
  • you shouldn’t question gods will
  • you have to keep on going
  • you can always have another child
  • your not the only one who suffers
  • The living must go on
  • I know how you feel
43
Q

What are some things that you should say when responding to someone’s grief

A
  • I’m sorry for your loss
  • it’s OK to be angry
  • it must be hard to accept
  • that must be painful for you
  • tell me how you are feeling
  • if you want to cry, it’s okay
  • people really cared for… (whoever died)
44
Q

What is stress

A

The impact of stressors on your physical and mental well-being

45
Q

General adaption syndrome

A

The body’s three stage response to stress. Begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or exhaustion

46
Q

What are the physiologic displays of stress?

A
  • increased respirations and heart rate
  • increased blood pressure
  • dilated venous blood vessels near the skin surface
  • dilated pupils
  • tense muscles
  • increase blood glucose levels
  • perspiration
  • decreased blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract
47
Q

Situations that are stressful for EMS providers include what?

A
  • dangerous situations
  • Physical and psychological demands
  • critically ill or injured patients
  • Dead or dying patients
  • overpowering sights, smells, and sounds
  • Multiple patients situations
  • Angry or upset patience, family, bystanders
  • Unpredictability and demands of EMS
  • Non-critical/ non-911 patients
48
Q

What are the three categories that stress can be placed in

A

Acute, delayed, or cumulative

49
Q

Acute stress reactions

A

Occur during a stressful situation

50
Q

Delayed stress reactions

A

Are displayed after the stressful event

51
Q

Cumulative stress reactions

A

Cumulative stress occurs when you are exposed to prolonged or excessive stress. You begin to grow tired and exhausted from it. Can have affects such as fatigue, changes in appetite, gastrointestinal problems, or headaches. May cause insomnia or hyperactivity or under activity.

52
Q

Some events are unusually stressful or emotional, even by EMS standards. These are referred to as critical incident stress. Name some events that can trigger critical incident stress

A
  • mass casualty incidents
  • serious injury or Trumatic death of a child
  • crashes with injuries, caused by an emergency services provider while responding to or from a call
  • death or serious injury of a coworker in the line of duty
53
Q

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

May develop after a person has experienced a psychologically distressing event. It is characterized by re experiencing the event and over responding to stimuli that recalls the event

54
Q

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

A

Was developed to address acute stress situations and potential he decrease the likelihood that PTSD will develop after such an incident

55
Q

When can CISM (critical incident stress management) occur at an ongoing scene?

A
  • when personnel are assessed for signs and symptoms of distress while resting
  • before reentering the scene
  • during scene demobilization in which personnel are educated about the signs of critical incident stress to give it a buffer To collect themselves before leaving

Emergency care and transport of the sick and injured textbook (37 decks)

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