Chapter 32: Caring for the Child with a Hematological Condition

Question 1

The Solutes in the Plasma Include

Answer 1

albumin, electrolytes, proteins, clotting factors, fibrinogen, globulins, and circulating antibodies

Question 2

The Cellular Portion of the Blood

Answer 2

consist of the formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets)

Question 3

The Blood Is Composed of 2 Parts

Answer 3

1. The Fluid Portion (Plasma)

2. The Cellular Portion

Question 4

Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)

Answer 4

function is to transport hemoglobin that carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
-life span= 120 days

Question 5

Leukocytes (WBCs)

Answer 5

mobile units of the body’s protective system

• most leukocytes migrate to areas of serious inflammation and provide a rapid defense against any foreign agent
• important in immune system mediation
• life span= specific to the cell type

Question 6

Platelets

Answer 6

• megakaryocytes are the cells that give rise to platelets
• platelets are small fragments of megakaryocytes
• platelets are the smallest of all formed blood elements and are not really cells b/c they do not possess a cellular structure
• function= hemostasis and vascular repair after injury to a vessel wall; platelets aggregate to form a plug
• life span= 7 to 10 days

Question 7

Growth and Development

Answer 7

-iron-deficiency anemia and other hematological conditions can greatly impact the child’s ability for normal growth and development
-Iron deficiency leads to increased fatigue and poor concentration required for social interaction and cognitive stimulation; this lack of social interaction is linked to poor motor development and cognitive impairment in children
>attention to growth and development must be a factor in the nursing plan of care to avoid delays

Question 8

Growth and Development: Activity

Answer 8

nurse understands that a child with a hematological condition such as iron deficiency may experience greater amounts of fatigue than a healthy child

• provide activities that are developmentally stimulating and that conserve energy
• nutritional therapy can help to replace electrolytes and calories that are required for healthy activity
• educate about proper dietary modifications and vitamin supplements appropriate for the child
• education about health promotion is essential to avoid reoccurrences of the disease process