Chapter 24

Question 1

Type of symbiosis where both species benefit

Answer 1

mutualism

Question 2

Type of symbiosis where one species benefits and the other is unaffected

Answer 2

commensalism

Question 3

Type of symbiosis where one species benefits and the other is harmed

Answer 3

parasitism

Question 4

Type of species interaction for a limiting resource, causing a reduction in survival and reproduction for (usually) both species

Answer 4

competition

Question 5

Type of species interaction where one individual eats another

Answer 5

predation

Question 6

These eat dead organic matter

Answer 6

detritivores

Question 7

These break down dead organic matter and convert nutrients back into forms usable for plants

Answer 7

decomposers

Question 8

An organism’s functional role in the community

Answer 8

niche

Question 9

An organism’s physical location in which it lives

Answer 9

habitat

Question 10

Competition between 2 species for resources

Answer 10

interspecific competition

Question 11

No two species can share the same niche indefinitely

Answer 11

competitive exclusion principle

Question 12

These models show interspecific competition

Answer 12

Lotka-Volterra

Question 13

All interacting species in a defined area

Answer 13

community

Question 14

This structure defines how and what organisms eat

Answer 14

trophic

Question 15

Linear chains depicting who eats whom

Answer 15

food chains

Question 16

These individuals eat both plants and animals

Answer 16

omnivores

Question 17

Trophic level that includes autotrophs

Answer 17

primary producers

Question 18

Trophic level that includes heterotrophs

Answer 18

consumers

Question 19

Trophic level that eats primary producers

Answer 19

primary consumers

Question 20

Trophic level that eats primary consumers and includes carnivores

Answer 20

secondary consumers

Question 21

Trophic level that eats secondary consumers

Answer 21

tertiary consumers

Question 22

Series of interconnected food chains that define all known trophic interactions in a community

Answer 22

food web

Question 23

How much of available energy is passed from one trophic level to the next

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

Build-up of a toxin in an individual over time due to inability to get rid of toxins

Answer 24

bioaccumulation

Question 25

Build-up of toxins in tissues of higher trophic levels due to eating organisms in lower trophic levels

Answer 25

biomagnification

Question 26

Sum of all interactions between the living community and the non-living physical environment

Answer 26

ecosystem

Question 27

When nutrient inputs are equal to outputs within an ecosystem

Answer 27

steady state

Question 28

Single component of an ecosystem, like atmosphere, soil, water, etc.

Answer 28

compartment or reservoir

Question 29

Movement of nutrients between compartments of an ecosystem

Answer 29

flux

Question 30

Amount of time a given particle spends in a compartment of an ecosystem

Answer 30

residence time

Question 31

What must you multiply to get reservoir size?

Answer 31

residence time x flux rate