Chapter 21 Flashcards
Four Basic Types of Animal Tissues
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Epithelial tissue is derived from what germ layer(s)?
All 3 (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm)
What type of tissue is involved in protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, and sensory reception?
Epithelial Tissue
Which type of tissue does not have a direct blood supply?
Epithelial
Epithelial tissue is anchored to connective tissue via a _____.
basement membrane
6 types of Epithelial Tissues
Simple Squamous
Stratified squamous
Simple columnar
Pseudostratified columnar
Simple cuboidal
Glandular
What type of epithelial tissue is a single layer of flattened cells that allows for gas exchange?
Simple Squamous
What type of epithelial tissue consists of many layers of flattened cells that protect underlying tissues?
Stratified squamous
What type of epithelial tissue consists of a single layer of elongated cells involved in absorption?
Simple columnar
What type of epithelial tissue appears to have multiple cells layers and is involved in secretion?
Pseudostratified columnar
What type of epithelial tissue consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells involved in secretion and absorption?
Simple cuboidal
What type of epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete substances?
Glandular
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Simple squamous
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Stratified squamous
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Simple columnar
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Pseudostratified Columnar
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Simple cuboidal
Identify the type of epithelial tissue
Glandular
Connective tissue is derived from which germ layer?
Mesoderm
What type of tissue binds, supports, and protects other tissues?
Connective tissue
Consists of ground substance and protein fibers in connective tissue
Matrix
Two types of connective tissue
Proper connective tissue
Specialized connective tissue
Which type of connective tissue binds other tissues together and contains a considerable amount of collagen?
Proper Connective Tissue
Which type of connective tissue provides a variety of support, storage, transport, and protective functions?
Specialized connective tissue
This type of connective tissue binds epithelial tissue to underlying tissues and forms membranes between organs.
Proper Connective Tissue
aka: Areolar (loose)
Spindle-shaped cells that product fibers
Fibroblasts
Two types of Dense (fibrous) connective tissue
Dense regular connective tissue
Dense irregular connective tissue
What type of connective tissue binds different materials together like tendons and ligaments?
Dense regular connective tissue
Identify the type of tissue
Dense regular connective tissue
What type of connective tissue forms capsules around organs and in deep layers of the skin?
Dense irregular connective tissue
Identify the type of tissue
Dense irregular connective tissue
Two types of proper connective tissue
Loose
Dense
Four types of specialized connective tissue
Adipose
Bone
Blood
Cartilage
What type of tissue stores fat, cushions organs and joints, and provides insulation?
Adipose
The major cell type in adipose tissue
Fat cells
Vacuole that stores lipids
Fat droplet
Type of tissue that provides the framework for various body parts?
Cartilage
Type of tissue that is a tough endoskeleton that protects vital organs and provides structural support.
Bone
A major cell type in hardened matrix
Osteocyte
Contains blood vessels and nerves in bone
Haversian canals
Concentric circles around the Haversian canals in bone
Lamellae
Small canals in bone
Canaliculi
Type of connective tissue that transports substances and maintains homeostasis.
Blood
The water matrix in blood
plasma
Three components of blood
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
When are fibers present in blood?
Only during clotting
Identify the tissue type
Specialized Connective Tissue: Adipose
Identify the type of tissue
Specialized connective tissue: cartilage
Identify the type of tissue
Specialized connective tissue: Bone
Identify the tissue type
Blood
What type of tissue is composed of elongated cells capable of contraction and contains parallel bundles of microfilaments made of actin and myosin?
Muscle Tissue
2 Components of microfilaments
Actin
Myosin
3 Types of Muscle Tissue
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
What type of muscle:
Voluntary control
Prominent striations
Multinucleated cells
Fatigues rapidly
Skeletal muscle
Identify the type of muscle
Skeletal muscle
What type of muscle contains cells that are long-spindle-shaped, no striations, uninucleated cells, involuntary control, and fatigues slowly?
Smooth muscle
Identify the type of muscle
Smooth Muscle
Muscle with these characteristics:
Uninucleated
Cells often branched
Cells connected via intercalated disks
Involuntary control
Fatigue at intermediate rates
Only in heart & large vessels
Cardiac muscle
Identify the type of muscle
Cardiac muscle
What type of tissue is derived from the ectoderm and senses external and internal stimuli?
Nervous Tissue
Two cells types of nervous tissue
Neurons
Neuroglial cells
The functional unit of the nervous system
Neuron
Support and protect neurons
Neuroglial cells
Identify the parts of a neuron
ID the parts of Nervous Tissue
Animal Development
Nucleus & nucleolus visible
Unfertilized egg
Animal Development
Nucleus & nucleolus no longer visible
Fertilized egg
Which cell stages undergo mitosis?
2, 4, 8 cell stages
What are each of the daughter cells called in the 2, 4, and 8 cell stages of animal development?
Blastomere
Solid ball of cells (16-64 cells)
Morula
Know these parts of Animal Development
Be familiar with this
Animal Development
When embryo elongates
Gastrula
Animal Development
Gives rise to coelom
Coelomic vesicles
