Chapter 2.3 Flashcards
Organic compounds have
carbon and hydrogen
What are chemicals that have no carbon and hydrogen?
Inorganic
Electrolytes
Inorganic substances that usually dissolve in water and dissociate
Nonelectrolytes
Most organic compounds that dissolve in water and do not release ions
Most abundant compound in living material and accounts for two-thirds of the weight of an adult human?
Water
Solvent
A substance in which other substances dissolve
Solute
A substance disolved in a solvent, such as water
Solution
The combination of a solvent and any solutes dissolved in it
What happens when substances dissolve in water?
The polar water molecules separate molecules of the substance, or even dissociate them into ions
What is important in transporting chemicals in the body?
Water
Water Balance
A condition where gains and losses of water are equal
What do organelles use oxygen for?
Use oxygen to release energy from nutrient molecules. Energy then drives the cell’s metabolic activites
What kind of compound is CO2?
Simple, carbon containing inorganic compound
When CO2 reacts with water, it forms?
A weak acid , carboic acid. This acid ionizes releasing Hydrogen ions and bi-carbonate ions. In respiratory organsm the reactions reverse and CO2 gas is produced
What two chemicals are harmful to health in high concentrations but present in low concentrations and important to normal physiology?
NO and CO
NO and CO are important
biological messenger molecules
NO involved in?
Digestion, Memory, Immunity, Respiration, and Circulation
CO functions in
the spleen, which recycles old red blood cells, and in the parts of the brain that control memory, smell, and vital functions
What inorganic salts are abundant in body fluids?
Sodium Chloride Potassium Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Carbonate Bicarbonate Sulfate
Inorganic salts play what role in the human body?
Play important roles in metabolism, helping maintain proper water concentrations in body fluids, controlling pH, blood clotting, bone development, eenrgy transfer in cells, and muscle and nerve functions
Electrolyte Balance
When gains and loses of electrolytes are equal in the body
H2O Function
Medium in which most biochemical reactions occur, transports various chemical substances, major component of body fluid, helps regulate body temperature
Oxygen Function
Used in release of energy from glucose molecules
CO2 Function
Waste product that results from metabolism, reacts with water to form carbonic acid