Chapter 1.8 Flashcards by Kevin Avelino

Anatomical Position

Standing Erect.
Face Forward
Upper Limbs At Side
Palms Forward

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Superior

A part is above another part

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Inferior

A part is below another part

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Means toward the front

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Posterior

Means toward the back

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Medial

Refers to imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves

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Lateral

means toward the side, away from midline

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Bilateral

Refers to paired structures, one on each side of midline

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Ipsilateral

refers to structures on the same side

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Contralateral

Refers to structures on the opposite side

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Proximal

describes a part closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part

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Distal

Opposite of proximal. MEans particular body part is farther from a point of attachment ot the trunk

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Superficial

means near surface

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deep

describes more internal parts

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Sagittal

Refers to a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions

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Transverse

refers to a cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

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Frontal

divides the body into anterior and posterior portiosn

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Cross Section

Cut across a structure

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Oblique Section

An angular cut

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Longitudinal Section

A lengthwise cut

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Abdominal

region between thorax and pelvis

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acromial

point of the shoulder

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antebrachial

forearm

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antecubital

anterior surface of the elbow

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axillary

armpit

brachial

arm

buccal

cheek

carpal

wrist

celiac

abdomen

cephalic head

head

cervical

neck

costal

ribs

coxal

hip

crual

leg

cubuital

elbow

digital

finger or toe

dorsal

back

femoral

thigh

frontal

forehead

genital

external reproductive organs

gluteal

buttocks

inguinal

depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh

lumbar

region of the lower rback between the ribs and the pelvis

mammary

breast

mental

chin

nasal

nose

occipital

inferior posterior region of the head

oral

mouth

orbital

eye cavity

otic

ear

palmar

palm of the hand

patellar

anterior part of the knee

pectoral

anterior chest

pedal

foot

pelvic

pelvis

perineal

the inferior-most region of teh trunk between the thighs and the buttocks

plantar

sole of the foot

popliteal

area posterior to the knee

sacral

posterior region between the hip bones

sternal

middle of the thorax, anteriorly

sural

calf of the leg

tarsal

ankle

umbilical

navel

vertebral

spinal column

Cardiology

branch of medical science dealing with the heart and heart diseases

dermatology

study of the skin and its diseases

endocrinology

study of hormones, hormone-secreteing glands, and associated diseases

epidemiology

study of factors that contribute to determining the distribution and frequency fo health-related conditions within a defined human population

gastrocentrology

study of the stomach and intenstines as well as their diseases

deriatrics

branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems

gerontology

study of process of aging and the various problems of older individuals

gynecology

study of female reporiducitve system and its diseases

hematology

study of the blood and blood diseases

histology

study of the sturcture and function of tissuses

immunology

study of the bodys resistance to disease

neonatology

sstudy of newborns and the treatment of their disorders

nephrology

study of the structure, function, and idseases of the kidneys

neurology

study of the nervous sytem in health and idsease

obstetrics

branch of medicine dedaling with pregnancy and childbirth

onncology

study of cancers

opthalmology

study of the eye and eye diseases

orthopedics

branch of medicine dealing with muscular and skeletal systems and their problems

otolaryngology

study of the ears, throad, larynx, and their diseasespathology

Pathology

study of structure and function changes within the body associated with disease

Pediatrics

branch of medicine dealing with children and their diseases

Pharmacology

study of drugs and their uses in the treatment of diseases

podiatry

study of the care and treatment of the feet

Psychiatry

branch of medicine dealing with the mind and its disorders

radiology

study of x rays and radioactive substances, as well as their uses in diagnosing and treating diseases

toxicology

study of poisonous susbtances and their effects on physiology

urology

branch of medicine dealing with the urinary and make reproductive system and their diseases