Chapter 2.2 (Part 4)

Question 1

 Abnormal and permanent dilation of one
or more bronchi related to inflammation
 Chronic or recurrent infection and pooling of secretions in dilated airways
 It occurs from long standing, pulmonary
obstruction of the lower airways by
tumors, chronic infection, mucus
accumulation as seen in cystic fibrosis
and exposure to toxins.

Answer 1

Bronchiectasis

Question 2

Acquire causes

Answer 2

TB
Pneumonia
Inhaled Foreign Bodies
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

Question 3

Ineffective cause: causative agent of whooping cough

Answer 3

Staphylococcus Bordetella Pertussis

Question 4

Congenital Causes:

Answer 4

*Immotile ciliary syndrome
*Immunodificiency
*Williams-Campbell syndrome
*Marfan’s syndrome

Question 5

known as broncho-malacia is a disease of the airways where cartilage in the bronchi is defective leads to collapse of the airways.

Answer 5

Williams-Campbell syndrome

Question 6

disorder of connective tissue, resulting in abnormally long and thin digits

Answer 6

Marfan’s Syndrome

Question 7

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 7

• Large Purulent and foul smelling sputum production From 10-150 ml.
• Chronic cough with green/yellow sputum 8oz daily
• Hemoptysis – mild to massive due to
  dilated bronchi arteries
• Frequent bronchial infection and
  breathlessness are common indicators
• Dyspnea, wheezing
• Systemic manifestations: fever, weight
  loss

Question 8

Diagnostic findings

Answer 8

• Assess for health history
• Physical examination
• CT scan
• Sputum culture
• Bronchoscopy –
  obstruction, tumor

Question 9

Medical Treatment

Answer 9

*Antituberculosis drugs
*Antibiotics – for pseudomonas
bacteria: quinolone,
cephalosporin, piperacillin
*Corticosteroids
*Oxygen therapy
*Chest physio therapy
*Mucolytics
*Bronchodilators
*Postural drainage

Question 10

Nursing Plan

Answer 10

1. Improve Trachea Bronchial Clearance
2. Prevent and control infection
3. Preventive measure to eliminate the cause and complications
4. Maintain dietary Nutrition

Question 11

Nursing Intervention

Answer 11

• Assess respiratory status and VS
• Adequately hydrate the patient
• Assess Nutritional status to ensure adequate diet
• Use diaphragmatic breathing and coughing technique
• Avoid bronchial irritants ( smoking, fumes, aerosols)
• Teach early signs of infection such as sputum production change in color,
  consistency, SOB, fatigue, chills

Question 12

Surgery

Answer 12

Bronchial artery embolization
Lung transplant

Question 13

Catheter is used to deliver small
particles that block the blood supply

Answer 13

Bronchial artery embolization