Chapter 1 (Part 3)

Question 1

Includes outpatient, same-day, or short stay, surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay.

Answer 1

Ambulatory surgery

Question 2

The patient’s autonomous decision about whether to undergo a surgical procedure, based on the nature of the condition, the treatment options, and the risks and benefits involved

Answer 2

Informed consent

Question 3

Period of time that begins with transfer of the patient to the operating room and continues until the patient is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit

Answer 3

Intraoperative phase

Question 4

Period of time that constitutes the surgical experience; includes the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phase of nursing care

Answer 4

Perioperative phase

Question 5

Period of time that begins with the admission of the patient to the postanesthesia care unit and ends after the follow-up evaluation in the clinical setting or home

Answer 5

Postoperative phase

Question 6

Diagnostic testing performed before admission to the hospital

Answer 6

Preadmission testing

Question 7

Period of time from when the decision for surgical intervention is made to when the patient is transferred to the operating room table

Answer 7

Preoperative phase

Question 8

Surgical Classifications according to purpose

Answer 8

1. Diagnostic
2. Curative
3. Palliative
4. Rehabilitative
5. Aesthetic

Question 9

To establish the presence of a disease condition

Answer 9

Diagnostic

Question 10

Examples are: biopsy, laparotomy, laparoscopy

Answer 10

Diagnostic

Question 11

To treat disease condition

Answer 11

Curative

Question 12

Three types of Curative surgical classification

Answer 12

1. Ablative
2. Constructive
3. Reconstructive

Question 13

Removal of an organ (ectomy)

Answer 13

Ablative

Question 14

Repair of congenitally defective organ (plasty, ooraphy, pexy, skin grafting)

Answer 14

Constructive

Question 15

Repair of the damage organ (Hernia)

Answer 15

Reconstructive

Question 16

To relieve distressing sign and symptom not necessarily to cure the disease

Answer 16

Palliative

Question 17

Examples are: debulking, removal of gallbladder, tumors (for comfort)

Answer 17

Palliative

Question 18

Examples are: total joint replacement, surgery to correct crippling pain or progression of degenerative osteoarthritis

Answer 18

Rehabilitative

Question 19

To improve physical feature that within the normal range (cosmetic)

Answer 19

Aesthetic

Question 20

Reasons why a patient needs a surgery

Answer 20

1. To cure an illness or disease by removing the diseased tissue or organs
2. To visualize internal structures during diagnosis
3. To obtain tissue for examination
4. To prevent disease or injury
5. To improve appearance
6. To repair or remove traumatized tissue and structures

Question 21

Categories of Surgery Based on Urgency

Answer 21

1. Emergent
2. Urgent
3. Required
4. Elective
5. Optional

Question 22

Immediate attention, without delay, STAT, Life threatening

Answer 22

Emergent

Question 23

Patient prompt attention

Answer 23

Urgent

Question 24

Patient needs to have surgery

Answer 24

Required

Question 25

Patient should have surgery

Answer 25

Elective

Question 26

Decision Rest with patient

Answer 26

Optional

Question 27

Urgency of an emergent surgery

Answer 27

Without delay (severe bleeding)

Question 28

Urgency of an urgent surgery

Answer 28

Within 24 - 30 hrs. (Closed fracture)

Question 29

Urgency of a Required surgery

Answer 29

Plan within weeks or months (c-section)

Question 30

Urgency of an Elective surgery

Answer 30

Failure to have surgery, not catastrophic (hernia)

Question 31

Urgency of an Optional Surgery

Answer 31

Personal preference (cosmetic surgery)

Question 32

Degree of Risk of a Major Surgery

Answer 32

1. High Risk/Greater Risk for Infection 2. Extensive 3. Prolonged 4. Large amount of blood loss 5. Vital organ may be handled or removed

Question 33

Degree of Risk of a Minor Surgery

Answer 33

1. Generally not prolonged 2. Leads to few serious complications 3. Involves less risk.

Question 34

Examples of a major surgery

Answer 34

Organ transplant Removal of a brain tumor Removal of a damaged kidney Open heart surgery

Question 35

Examples of a minor surgery

Answer 35

Circumcision Removal of Ingrown toenails Removal of lumps and bumps such as lipoma Sebaceous cysts Stitches for open wounds and nasty cuts

Question 36

Special Considerations during the Perioperative Period

Answer 36

1. Reduce surgical complications 2. Gerontologic Considerations 3. Bariatric Patients 4. Patients with disabilities 5. Patients undergoing ambulatory surgery 6. Patient undergoing emergency surgery