chapter 22 Flashcards
psychiatry
1
Q
psychiatry
A
branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment & prevention of mental illness
2
Q
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
A
chronic anxiety & exaggerated worry & tension even when there’s little or nothing to provoke such feelings
3
Q
affect
A
external expression of emotion
4
Q
amnesia
A
loss of memory
5
Q
anorexia nervosa
A
eating disorder with excessive dieting & refusal to maintain normal body weight
6
Q
anxiety disorders
A
characterized by unpleasant tension, distress & avoidance behavior
7
Q
apathy
A
absence of emotions, lack of interest or emotional involvement
8
Q
autism
A
neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction & communication & by restricted, repetitive behavior
9
Q
bipolar disorder
A
these disorders are marked by alternating period of mania & depression
10
Q
bulimia nervosa
A
eating disorder with binge eating followed by vomiting, purging & depression
11
Q
cannabis
A
substance from which marijuana is made
12
Q
compulsion
A
uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly
13
Q
conversion disorder
A
condition marked by neurological symptoms with no organic basis, appearing as a result of anxiety & unconscious inner conflict
14
Q
defense mechanisms
A
unconscious technique a person uses to resolve or conceal conflicts & anxiety
15
Q
delirium
A
acute episodes of confused thinking, disorientation, changes in alertness, difficulty paying attention & fearfulness, usually reversible
16
Q
delusions
A
fixed, false belief that can;t be changed by logical reasoning or evidence
17
Q
dementia
A
progressive loss of intellectual abilities with impairment of memory, judgment & reasoning as well as changes in personality
18
Q
depression
A
major psychiatric disorder with chronic sadness, loss of energy, hopelessness, worry & discouragement & commonly suicidal impulses & thoughts
19
Q
dissociative disorder
A
conditions involving breakdown in memory, identity or perceptions
20
Q
ego
A
central coordinating branch of the personality or mind
21
Q
fugue
A
unconscious flight from customary surroundings
22
Q
gender identity disorder
A
strong and persistent cross-gender identification with the opposite sex that causes clinically significant distress
23
Q
hallucination
A
false sensory perception
24
Q
id
A
major unconscious part of the personality; energy from instinctual drives & desires
25
labile
unstable; undergoing rapid emotional change
26
mania
elevated expansive state (euphoria) with hyperactivity, talkativeness & racing thoughts
27
mutism
no, or very little ability to speak
28
neurodevelopmental disorders
group of childhood disorders
characterized by delays in socialization & communication skills
29
obsession
involuntary persistent idea, urge or emotion
30
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
anxiety disorder in which recurrent thoughts & repetitive acts dominate
behavior
31
paranoia
overly suspicious system of thinking
32
paraphilia
recurrent intense sexual urge, fantasy, or behavior that involves unusual objects,
activities, or situations
33
personality disorders
lifelong personality patterns marked by impairment of social functioning
34
phobia
irrational or disabling fear of an object or situation
35
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
anxiety-related symptoms appear after personal experience of a traumatic event
36
projective (personality) test
diagnostic personality test using stimuli to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individual’s personality
37
psychiatrist
physician (MD) with medical training in the diagnosis, prevention & treatment of mental disorders
38
psychologist
nonmedical professional specializing in mental processes and how the brain
functions in health & disease
39
psychosis
disorder marked by loss of contact with reality
40
reality testing
psychological process that distinguishes fact from fantasy
41
repression
defense mechanism by which
unacceptable thoughts, feelings & impulses are automatically pushed into
the unconscious
42
schizophrenia
chronic psychotic disorder that may include hallucinations, disorganized
speech & behavior, flat affect, & lack of initiative
43
sexual disorders
paraphilias & sexual dysfunctions
44
somatic symptom disorder
presence of physical symptoms that can't be explained by an actual physical disorder or other well-described mental
disorder
45
substance-related disorder
regular overuse of or dependence on psychoactive substances that affect the
central nervous system
46
superego
internalized conscience & moral part of the personality
47
amphetamines
CNS stimulants that may be used to treat attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder & depression
48
atypical antipsychotics
drugs that treat psychotic symptoms & behavior
49
benzodiazepines
drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation & panic attacks
50
cognitive behavioral
therapy (CBT)
Focuses on the connection between behavior & thoughts
51
electroconvulsive therapy
electric current is used to produce convulsions & loss of consciousness; effective in the treatment of major
depression
52
family therapy
treatment of an entire family to resolve & shed light on conflicts
53
first generation antipsychotic drugs
early neuroleptic medications that reduce psychotic symptoms
54
free association
psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind
55
group therapy
group of patients with similar problems gains insight into their personalities through discussion & interaction with
each other
56
hypnosis
induced trance (state of altered consciousness)
57
insight-oriented therapy (psychodynamic therapy)
face-to-face discussion of life problems & associated feelings
58
lithium
medication used to treat bipolar disorders
59
neuroleptic drug
any drug that favorably modifies psychotic symptoms
60
phenothiazines
antipsychotic (neuroleptic) drugs
61
play therapy
treatment in which a child, through use of toys in a playroom setting, expresses
conflicts & feelings unable to be communicated in a direct manner
62
psychoanalysis
treatment that allows the patient to explore inner emotions & conflicts so as
to understand and change current behavior
63
psychodrama
group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by acting out family & social roles with others
64
psychopharmacology
treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs
65
sedatives
drugs that lessen anxiety
66
supportive psychotherapy
offering encouragement, support & hope to patients facing difficult life
transitions & events
67
transference
psychoanalytic process in which the patient relates to the therapist as though
he/she was a prominent childhood figure
68
tricyclic antidepressants
drugs used to treat severe depression
69
AD
alzheimer disease
70
ADHD
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
71
ADLs
activities of daily living
72
AIMS
abnormal involuntary movement scale
73
ASD
autism spectrum disorder
74
BZD
benzodiazepine
75
CA
chronological age
76
DSM-V
diagnostic & statistical manual of mental
Disorders, 5th edition
77
DT
delirium tremens
78
ECT
electroconvulsive
79
ID
intellectual disability
80
IQ
intelligence quotient
81
LSD
lysergic acid diethylamide
82
MA
mental age
83
MDD
major depressive disorder
84
MMPI
minnesota multiphasic personality inventory
85
Rx (Pysch)
therapy
86
SAD
seasonal affective disorder
87
SNRI
serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
88
SSRI
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
89
TAT
tricyclic antidepressants
90
TD
tardive dyskinesia
91
THC
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
92
WAIS
wechsler adult intelligence scale
93
WISC
wechsler intelligence scale for children
94
Ψ
symbol psych-
95
ΨRx
psychotherapy
96
anxi/o
uneasy, anxious
97
auto-
self
98
hallucin/o
hallucination
99
hypn/o
sleep
100
iatr/o
treatment
101
ment/o & phren/o & psych/o
mind
102
neur/o
nerve
103
phil/o
attraction to, love
104
schiz/o
spilt
105
somat/o
body
106
-genic
produced by
107
-leptic
to seize a hold of
108
-mania
obsession
109
-phobia
fear
110
-phoria
feeling
111
-thymia
mind
112
-a-, an-
no, not
113
bi-
two
114
cata-
down
115
para-
abnormal
116
psychiatrist
physician specializing in treating mental illness
117
psychologist, psychiatric nurse, licensed clinical social worker
nonphysician professional trained in the treatment of mental illness
118
psychoanalyst
therapist who practices psychoanalysis
119
forensic psychology
branch of psychiatry dealing with legal matters
120
clinical
branch of psychology dealing with patient care
121
dysphoria
sadness, hopelessness, unpleasant feeling
122
euphoria
exaggerated feeling of well-being ("high")
123
psychosis
loss of contact with reality; often delusions & hallucinations
124
iatrogenic
pertaining to a disorder caused by a treatment
125
agoraphobia
fear of leaving one's home or a safe place
126
sexual sadism
achievement of sexual gratification by inflicting physical or psychological pain
127
schizophrenia spectrum
negative symptoms like flat affect & lack of initiative
128
hypomania
mood disorder resembling mania (exaggerated excitement, hyperactivity) but of lesser extent
129
hallucinogen
drug that produces hallucinations
130
opoids
drugs that are derived from opium (morphine & heroin)
131
cocaine
stimulant drug that causes euphoria & hallucinations
132
cyclothymic disorder
alternating periods of hypomania & depressive episodes of lesser intensity than bipolar illness
133
dysthymia
depressed mood persisting over 2 years but not as severe as major depression
134
histrionic (cluster B of personality disorders)
flamboyant, theatrical, emotionally immature
135
antisocial (cluster B of personality disorders)
no loyalty or concern for others; doesn't tolerate frustration & blames others when he or she is at fault
136
narcissistic (cluster B of personality disorders)
fantasises of success & power and a grandiose sense of self-importance
137
paranoid (cluster A of personality disorders)
pervasive, unwarranted suspiciousness & mistrust of people
138
schizoid (cluster A of personality disorders)
emotionally cold, aloof, indifferent to praise or criticism or the feelings of others
139
borderline (cluster B of personality disorders)
instability in personal relationships & sense of self; alternating over involvement with & rejection of people
140
avoidant (cluster C of personality disorders)
patterns of social inhibitions, feelings of inadequacy & hypersensitivity to negative evaluations
141
schizotypal (cluster A of personality disorders)
acute discomfort in close relationships with odd beliefs & bizarre fantasies
142
obsessive-compulsive (cluster C of personality disorders)
needing orderliness, perfectionism & control; preoccupied with details, rules, lists & schedules
143
dependent (cluster C of personality disorders)
submissive & clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be taken care of
144
xenophobia
fear of strangers
145
kleptomania
obsessive preoccupation with steaing
146
MAO inhibitors
antidepressant agents that work by blocking the action of a specific enzyme
147
first-generation antipsychotics examples:
neuroleptic drugs like thorazine & haldol
148
pyromania
obsessive preoccupation with fire
149
escitalopram (lexapro)
SSRI, treats anxiety & depression
150
aripiprazole (abilify)
atypical antipsychotic; treats schizophrenia & bipolar disorder
151
methylphenidate (ritalin, concerta)
stimulants, treats attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
152
amitriptyline (elavil)
tricyclic antidepressant; treats depression
153
alprazolam (xanax)
benzodiazepine; treats anxiety & panic attacks
154
zolpidem (ambien)
sedative; treats insomina
155
lamotrigine (lamictal)
anticonvulsant that also issued to treat bipolar disorders
156
thiothixene (navane)
first-generation antipsychotic that treats schizophrenia
