Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

medical terminolgy > chapter 12 > Flashcards

chapter 12 Flashcards

respiratory system

1
Q

external respiration

A

exchange of air in lung capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

internal(cellular) respiration

A

exchange of gases in the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

respiratory structures that conduct air:

A

-nose, nasal cavities & paranasal sinuses
-pharynx, larynx & trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

respiratory structures that exchange gases:

A

bronchioles, alveoli & lung caillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

respiratory flow process:

A

nose->nasal cavities & paranasal sinuses->pharynx (adenoids & tonsils)->larynx (epiglottis)->trachea-> bronchi->bronchioles->alveoli ->lung capillaries (bloodstream)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils)

A

lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

alveolus (plural: alveoli)

A

air sac in the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

apex of the lung

A

tip/uppermost of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

base of the lung

A

the lower portion of lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bronchioles

A

smallest branches in the bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bronchus (bronchial tube) (plural: bronchi)

A

the branch of the trachea (windpipe) that’s a passageway into the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

carbon dioxide (CO2)

A

gas produced by the body cells when oxygen & carbon atoms from food combine, exhaled through lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cilia

A

thin hairs attached to mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

diaphragm

A

muscles separating the chest & abdomen, contract to pull air into the lungs -> relaxes to push air out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

epiglottis

A

lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, keeps food from entering the larynx & trachea during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

expiration (exhalation)

A

breathing out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

glottis

A

slit-like opening to the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hilum (of the lung)

A

midline region where bronchi, blood vessels & nerves enter and exit lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inspiration (inhalation)

A

breathing in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

larynx

A

voice box, contains vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

lobe

A

division of a lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

mediastinum

A

the region between the lungs in the chest cavity: contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus & bronchial tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

nares

A

opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

oxygen (O2)

A

gas that makes up 21% of air, passes into the bloodstream at the lungs & travels to all body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

palatine tonsils

A

one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

oropharynx

A

the part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

nasopharynx

A

the top part of the pharynx behind the nose above the soft palate to allows air to pass from the nose into the pharynx into the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

paranasal sinus

A

one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

parietal pleura

A

outer fold of the pleura lying closer to the ribs & chest wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

pharynx

A

the throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx & laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

laryngopharynx

A

between superior border of the epiglottis & inferior border of the cricoid cartilage that serves as a common passageway for food & air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

pleura

A

double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

pleural cavity

A

space between the folds of the pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

pulmonary parenchyma

A

essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; are the bronchioles & alveoli of lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

respiration (breathing)

A

the process of moving air into & out of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

visceral pleura

A

inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole, small branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

coni/o

A

dust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

nas/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

pector/o

A

chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

phon/o

A

voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung, gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung, air, gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

tel/o

A

complete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

-osmia

A

smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

pneumothorax

A

air gathers in the pleural cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

A

inhalation of radioactive gas for imaging, followed by injection of different radioactive material for imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

bronchoscopy

A

fiberoptic or rigid endoscope inserted into the bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy, or collection of secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placement of tube from mouth to trachea to establish an airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

thoracentesis procedure

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

79
Q

tracheostomy procedure

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

80
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

81
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacillus

82
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

83
Q

BAL

A

bronchioalveolar lavage

84
Q

Bronch

A

bronchoscopy

85
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

86
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

87
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure

88
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

89
Q

C & S

A

culture & sensitivity training (of sputum)

90
Q

CTPA

A

computed tomography pulmonary angiography

91
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

92
Q

DICO

A

diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide

93
Q

DOE

A

dyspnea on exertion

94
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

95
Q

FEV1

A

forced expiratory volume in 1 second

96
Q

FVC

A

forced vital capacity

97
Q

LLL

A

left lower lobe (of lung)

98
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe (of lung)

99
Q

MAC

A

mycobacterium avium

100
Q

MDI

A

metered-dose inhaler

101
Q

NSCLC

A

non-small cell lung cancer

102
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

103
Q

PaCO2

A

carbon dioxide partial pressure

104
Q

PaO2

A

oxygen partial pressure

105
Q

PCP

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

106
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

107
Q

PEP

A

positive expiratory pressure

108
Q

PEEP

A

positive end-expiratory pressure

109
Q

PFTs

A

pulmonary function tests

110
Q

PND

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

111
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative

112
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress syndrome

113
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe (of lung)

114
Q

RML

A

right middle lobe

115
Q

RSV

A

respiratory syncytial virus

116
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe (of lung)

117
Q

RV

A

residual volume

118
Q

SABA

A

short-acting beta agonist

119
Q

SCLC

A

small cell lung cancer

120
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

121
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

122
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

123
Q

VT

A

tidal volume

124
Q

VATS

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery

125
Q

VC

A

vital capacity

126
Q

V/Q scan

A

ventilation-perfusion scan

127
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of a bronchus

128
Q

anosmia

A

lack of sense of smell

129
Q

tracheal stenosis

A

narrowing of the windpipe

130
Q

orthopnea

A

breathing is easiest or possible only in an upright postion

131
Q

hypercapnia

A

excessive carbon dioxide in blood

132
Q

hemoptysis

A

spitting up blood

133
Q

hypoxia

A

deficiency of oxygen

134
Q

pyothorax or empyema

A

condition of pus in the pleural cavity

135
Q

dysphonia

A

hoarseness, voice impairment

136
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in pleural cavity

137
Q

epistaxis

138
Q

rales (crackles)

A

fine crackling sounds heard during inhalation when there is fluid in the alveoli

139
Q

ausculation

A

listening to sounds within the body

140
Q

sputum

A

material expelled from the respiratory tract bu deep coughing & spitting

141
Q

percussion

A

tapping on the surface to determine the underlying structure

142
Q

rhonci

A

loud rumbling sounds on auscultation of chest, bronchi obstructed by sputum

143
Q

pleural rub

A

scratching sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other (caused by inflammation or tumor cells)

144
Q

purulent

A

pus-filled

145
Q

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)

A

sudden attack of difficult breathing associated with lying down at night (caused by CHF & pulmonary edema as the lungs fill with fluid)

146
Q

expectoration

A

clearing of secretions from the throat or lungs by coughing

147
Q

stridor

A

strained, high-pitched inspirational sound

148
Q

pulmonary infarcation

A

area of dead tissue in the lung

149
Q

wheeze

A

continuous high-pitched whistling sound produced during breathing when air is forced through a narrow space, heard in asthma

150
Q

diphtheria

A

acute infectious disease of the throat caused by corynebacterium

151
Q

croup

A

acute respiratory syndrome in children & infants that is marked by obstruction of the larynx & stridor

152
Q

emphysema

A

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

153
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

long-term inflammation of the lining of bronchial tubes, cigarette smoking is a common cause

154
Q

asthma

A

inflammatory disorder of bronchi & bronchioles, allergy is a common cause

155
Q

atelectasis

A

lung or portion of a lung has collapsed

156
Q

lung cancer

A

malignant neoplasm originating in a lung or bronchus

157
Q

pertussis

A

whooping cough

158
Q

inflilrate

A

a collection of fluid or other material within the lung seen on chest film, CT, or other radiologic study

159
Q

cystic fibrosis (CF)

A

inherited disease of exocrine glands, mucous secretions lead to airway obstruction

160
Q

asbestosis

A

type of pneumoconiosis, dust particles are inhaled

161
Q

sarcoidosis

A

inflammatory disease in which small nodules form in lungs & lymph nodes

162
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

163
Q

purulent exudate

A

consists of white blood cells, microorganisms (dead & alive), and other debris

164
Q

restrictive lung disease

A

myasthenia gravis & muscular dystrophy are examples the neuromuscular conditions that produce the disease

165
Q

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

A

patients with a small pharyngeal airway that closes during sleep

166
Q

pulmonary abscess

A

collection of pus in the lungs

167
Q

pulmonary edema

A

sweeping, fluid collection on the air sacs & bronchioles

168
Q

pneumoconosis

A

abnormal condition of dust in the lungs

169
Q

pneumonia

A

acute inflammation & infection of alveoli, they become filled with fluid & blood cells

170
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

floating clot or other material blocking the blood vessels of the lung

171
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

an infectious disease caused by rod-shaped bacilli & producing tubercles (nodes) of infection

172
Q

pleural effusion

A

collection of fluid in the pleural cavity

173
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of pleura

174
Q

anthracosis

A

abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs (black lung disease)

175
Q

mesothelioma

A

malignant tumor arising in the pleura, composed of mesothelium

176
Q

adenoid hypertrophy

A

excessive growth of cells in the adenoids (lymph tissue in the nasopharynx)

177
Q

pleurodynia

A

pain of the pleura (iirtation of pleural surfaces leads to intercostal pain)

178
Q

tachypnea (hyperventilation)

A

rapid breathing

179
Q

tuberculin tests

A

tine (multiple-puncture skin test) & mantoux tests (a tool for screening for tuberculosis & for tuberculosis diagnosis)

180
Q

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs

181
Q

bronchoalveolar lavage

A

injection of fluid into the bronchi, followed by withdrawal of the fluid for examination

182
Q

CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

A

combination of computed-generated x-ray images & recording (with contrast) of blood flow in the lung

183
Q

tube thoracostomy

A

continuous drainage of the pleural spaces from a hest time placed through a small skin incision

184
Q

dyspnea on exertion (DOE)

A

symptom mean the patient has difficulty breathing & becomes short of breath when exercising

185
Q

video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)

A

visual examination of the chest via endoscope & video monitor

186
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

A

three basic steps:
1. airway opened by tilting the head
2. breathing restored by mouth-mouth breathing
3. circulation restored by external cardiac compressions

187
Q

non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

A

adenocarcinoma & squamous cell carcinoma are types

188
Q

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

A

a group of symptoms resulting in acute respiratory failure

189
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

chronic bronchitis & emphysema are examples

190
Q

purified protein derivative (PPD)

A

substance used to test for TB

191
Q

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT)

A

injection in an infant to provide immunity

192
Q

tonsillectomy

A

removal of lymph tissue in the oropharynx

193
Q

lobectomy

A

removal of a region of a lung

medical terminolgy (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions