chapter 2

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

fundamental unit of all living things

Question 2

muscle cell

Answer 2

perform movement

Question 3

nerve cell

Answer 3

carry electrical messages from one part of body to another

Question 4

epithelial cell

Answer 4

line the external and internal surfaces of the body

Question 5

fat (adipose) cell

Answer 5

storage of excess energy in the form of triglycerides

Question 6

tissues

Answer 6

group of similar cells working together to do a specific job

Question 7

organs

Answer 7

different types of tissue combine to form an organ

Question 8

system

Answer 8

group of organs working together to perform complex functions

Question 9

body cavities

Answer 9

spaces within the body that contain internal organs (viscera)

Question 10

cranial cavity

Answer 10

holds the brain

Question 11

thoracic cavity

Answer 11

holds the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, brachial tubes, thymus gland, aorta

Question 12

abdominal cavity

Answer 12

holds the stomach, small/large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver, gallbladder

Question 13

pelvic cavity

Answer 13

holds portions of the small/ large intestines, bladder, rectum, urethra, ureters, uterus and vagina in female

Question 14

spinal cavity

Answer 14

holds the nerves of the spinal cord

Question 15

abdominalpelvic regions

Answer 15

right and left hypochondriac, epigastric, right and left lumbar, umbilical, right and left inguinal, hypogastric

Question 16

abdominopelvic quadrants

Answer 16

right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Question 17

right upper quadrant(RUQ)

Answer 17

contains the liver(right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, part of the large/small intestines

Question 18

left upper quadrant(LUQ)

Answer 18

contains the liver(left lobe), stomach, spleen, part of pancreas

Question 19

right lower quadrant(RLQ)

Answer 19

contains parts of the small/large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter

Question 20

left lower quadrant(LLQ)

Answer 20

contains parts of small/large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter

Question 21

anatomical divisions of the back

Answer 21

cervical(vertebra), thoracic(vertebrae), lumbar(spinal cord), sacral(spinal column), coccygeal(disc)

Question 22

frontal(coronal) plane

Answer 22

a vertical plane running from side to side(anterior and posterior)

Question 23

saggitial(lateral) plane

Answer 23

a vertical plane running from front to back(left and right)

Question 24

transverse(axial)

Answer 24

a horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower parts(superior and inferior)

Question 25

abdomin/o

Answer 25

abodmen

Question 26

adip/o

Answer 26

fat

Question 27

anter/o

Answer 27

front

Question 28

cervic/o

Answer 28

neck (of body or uterus)

Question 29

chondr/o

Answer 29

cartilage

Question 30

chrom/o

Answer 30

color

Question 31

coccyg/o

Answer 31

coccyx (tailbone)

Question 32

crani/o

Answer 32

skull

Question 33

cyt/o

Answer 33

cell

Question 34

dist/o

Answer 34

far, distant

Question 35

dors/o

Answer 35

back portion of the body

Question 36

hist/o & histi/o

Answer 36

tissue

Question 37

ili/o

Answer 37

ilium (hipbone)

Question 38

inguin/o

Answer 38

groin

Question 39

kary/o

Answer 39

nucleus

Question 40

later/o

Answer 40

side

Question 41

lumb/o

Answer 41

lower back

Question 42

medi/o

Answer 42

middle

Question 43

nucle/o

Answer 43

nucleus

Question 44

pelv/i

Answer 44

pelvis

Question 45

pharyng/o

Answer 45

pharynx (throat)

Question 46

poster/o

Answer 46

back, behind

Question 47

proxim/o

Answer 47

nearest

Question 48

sacr/o

Answer 48

sacrum

Question 49

sarc/o

Answer 49

flesh

Question 50

spin/o

Answer 50

spine, backbone

Question 51

thal/o & thali/o

Answer 51

nipple

Question 52

thorac/o

Answer 52

chest

Question 53

trache/o

Answer 53

trachea, windpipe

Question 54

umbilic/o

Answer 54

navel, umbilicus

Question 55

ventr/o

Answer 55

belly side of body

Question 56

vertebr/o

Answer 56

vertebra(e), backbone(s)

Question 57

viscer/o

Answer 57

internal organs

Question 58

ana-

Answer 58

up

Question 59

cata-

Answer 59

down

Question 60

epi-

Answer 60

above

Question 61

hypo-

Answer 61

below

Question 62

inter-

Answer 62

between

Question 63

intra-

Answer 63

within

Question 64

meta-

Answer 64

change

Question 65

-eal

Answer 65

pertaining to

Question 66

-iac

Answer 66

pertaining to

Question 67

-ior

Answer 67

pertaining to

Question 68

-ism

Answer 68

process, condition

Question 69

-ose

Answer 69

pertaining to, full of

Question 70

-plasm

Answer 70

formation

Question 71

-somes

Answer 71

bodies

Question 72

-type

Answer 72

picture, classification

Question 73

cytoplasm

Answer 73

material of cell located outside the nucleus and enclosed in membrane

Question 74

genes

Answer 74

regions of DNA within each chromosome

Question 75

mitochondria

Answer 75

small sausage-shaped structures that are the principal sources of energy for the cell

Question 76

endoplasmic reticulumn

Answer 76

network of canals within the cytoplasm that is the site of protein synthesis

Question 77

cell (plasma) membrane

Answer 77

structure that surrounds and protects the celll

Question 78

nucleus

Answer 78

control center of the cell, contains chromosomes

Question 79

DNA

Answer 79

chemical found within each chromosomes

Question 80

chromosomes

Answer 80

rod-shaped structure in the nucleus that contains genes

Question 81

karyotype

Answer 81

a picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell

Question 82

number of chromosomes in a normal male's muscle cell

Answer 82

46(23 pairs)

Question 83

number of chromosomes in a female's egg cell

Answer 83

23

Question 84

anabolism

Answer 84

process of building up proteins in a cell

Question 85

catabolism

Answer 85

complex nutrients that are broken down to similar substances and energy

Question 86

metabolism

Answer 86

total chemical process in a cell

Question 87

histologist

Answer 87

specialist who studies tissues

Question 88

viscera

Answer 88

internal organs

Question 89

larynx

Answer 89

voice box

Question 90

pleura

Answer 90

membrane surrounding the lungs

Question 91

ureter

Answer 91

tube from kidney to the urinary bladder

Question 92

adipose tissue

Answer 92

collection of fat cells

Question 93

pituitary gland

Answer 93

endocrine organ located at the base of the brain

Question 94

cartilage

Answer 94

flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints

Question 95

thyroid gland

Answer 95

endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck

Question 96

uterus

Answer 96

womb

Question 97

urethra

Answer 97

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of body

Question 98

hypogastric region

Answer 98

area below the umbilicus

Question 99

mediastinum

Answer 99

space between lungs

Question 100

diaphragm

Answer 100

muscle separating abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 101

intervertebral disc

Answer 101

pad of cartilage between two adjoining vertebrae

Question 102

pleural cavity

Answer 102

space surrounding each lung

Question 103

spinal column

Answer 103

bony tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

Question 104

inguinal regions

Answer 104

areas near the groin

Question 105

peritoneum

Answer 105

membrane surrounding abdominal organs

Question 106

umbilical region

Answer 106

area of the navel

Question 107

epigastric region

Answer 107

area above the stomach

Question 108

lumbar

Answer 108

region of waist

Question 109

sacral

Answer 109

region of the sacrum

Question 110

opposite of deep

Answer 110

superficial

Question 111

opposite of proximal

Answer 111

distal

Question 112

opposite of supine

Answer 112

prone

Question 113

opposite of medial

Answer 113

lateral

Question 114

opposite of dorsal

Answer 114

ventral (anterior)

Question 115

opposite of superior

Answer 115

inferior