Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ap world history 🌎 > chapter ... 21 ....... throws up everywhere > Flashcards

chapter ... 21 ....... throws up everywhere Flashcards

1
Q

Ibn Battuta (v.1)

A

Moroccan legal scholar and one of the greatest world travelers of all time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Melaka (Malacca) (v.1)

A

founded in the late 14th century, it became the principal clearinghouse of trade in the eastern Indian Ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rabban Sauma (v.1)

A

A Nestorian Christian priest, he acted as an envoy for a Mongol ilkhan to the pope and kings of Europe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sharia (v.1)

A

Islamic religious law based on the Quran

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sufis (v.1)

A

Mystic missionaries of Islam who sought to win converts in India, southeast Asia, and sub-saharan Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

John of Montecorvino (v.1)

A

Franciscan missionary for the Roman Catholic Church in China and the first archbishop of Khanbaliq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bubonic Plague (v.1)

A

An epidemic that ravaged societies throughout Asia, Europe, and North Africa beginning in the 14th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

“Little Ice Age” (v.1)

A

A 500+ year long period of climate change after 1300 CE that led to decline in agricultural production and famine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Emperor Hongwu (v.1)

A

An orphan who rose to topple the Yuan Dynasty of the Mongols and establish the Ming Dynasty in 1368

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ming Dynasty (v.1)

A

Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mandarins (v.1)

A

Special class of powerful officials sent as emissaries of the Ming to ensure that local officials followed imperial policy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eunuchs (v.1)

A

Castrated males extensively used by the Ming government to advance the political interests of the emperor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Qing Dynasty (v.1)

A

Dynasty in China founded by the Manchus lasting from 1644 to 1911

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Yongle (v.1)

A

Successor to the first Ming emperor, he actively promoted Chinese cultural traditions and organized all the significant works of Chinese history and literature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Yongle Encyclopedia (v.1)

A

An enormous anthology work containing over 23,000 manuscript rolls to support native Chinese cultural traditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hundred Years War (v.2)

A

Protracted series of intermittent campaigns in which the kings of England and France fought to control lands claimed by both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Renaissance (v.2)

A

Cultural, artistic, and intellectual rebirth that took place in Europe from the 14th to 16th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Leonardo da Vinci (v.2)

A

An Italian painter and scientist of the Renaissance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Michelangelo Buonarroti (v.2)

A

Noted sculptor of the Renaissance who depicted subjects in natural poses rather than stiff posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Humanist (v.2)

A

Scholars interested in the humanities of history, literature, and philosophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Desiderius Erasmus (v.2)

A

Renaissance humanist who published a revised Latin translation of the New Testament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Francesco Petrarca (v.2)

A

Florentine who searched Europe of manuscripts of the classical works preferred by humanists to works produced by medieval scholars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Giovanni Pico (v.2)

A

Italian humanist who attempted to harmonize the teachings of Plato, Aristotle, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Zheng He (v.2)

A

An admiral and advisor for the Emperor Yongle, in multiple expeditions he took his enormous fleet to India, Africa, and beyond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Prince Henry the Navigator (v.2)

A

Portuguese ruler who encouraged the search for a sea route to Asian markets and increase Portuguese influence on the seas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Ceuta (v.2)

A

The Moroccan city which guarded the Strait of Gibraltar and, therefore, entry to the Mediterranean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Slave Trade (v.2)

A

The trafficking of human cargo practiced by the Portuguese, significantly increasing in volume in the mid-15th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Bartolomeu Dias (v.2)

A

Portuguese mariner who became the first to round the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Christopher Columbus (v.2)

A

Genoese mariner who conceived of the idea of sailing west to reach Asian markets on behalf of the rulers of Spain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Central to Renaissance thought was a(n)…

A

fascination with the classical/ancient world (Romans and Greeks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Ibn Battuta was able to travel so extensively because…

A

his religious and legal training allowed him to serve as qadi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Humanist moral philosophers believed that…

A

people could lead morally virtuous lives while participating in the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Marco Polo’s stories influenced…

A

other Europeans to visit China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The Yongle Encyclopedia represented…

A

the Ming rulers’ interest in supporting native Chinese cultural traditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

True or False: A temporary decrease in workers’ wages was NOT a common result of the bubonic plague.

A

True. Common results were a decline in trade, labor shortages, and a decline in population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Cotton was introduced to west Africa by the…

A

Muslims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The rise of powerful states in Europe in the fifteenth century was dependent on…

A

the combination of new taxes and large standing armies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The reconquista was…

A

the Spanish Catholic attempt to win Spain from Islamic control

39
Q

The nation that led the way in early European exploration was…

A

Portugal

40
Q

What social/economic distribution did NOT occur as a result of the plague?

A

Structural changes in social classes

41
Q

How did Europe recover quickly from the plague?

A

It developed stronger nation states

42
Q

What did the Europeans find appealing about classical philosophy?

A

Its moral foundation of civic duty

43
Q

The silk roads and the Indian Ocean trade routes integrated much of Asia and parts of Africa into the economy of which hemisphere?

A

The Eastern hemisphere

44
Q

Muslim scholars traveled to newly converted lands in order to…

A

teach converted people Islamic values

45
Q

Ibn Battuta attempted to get women in the what islands to follow Islamic standards of modest dress?

A

Maldive Islands

46
Q

How did Marco Polo’s travels become well-known?

A

A fellow prisoner wrote down the stories he told

47
Q

Though missionaries traveled there in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Roman Catholicism remained a minority religion in what region?

A

the eastern Mediterranean

48
Q

The Mongol ilkhan of _______ sent Rabban Sauma as a diplomat to meet with important European leaders in an effort to create an alliance against the Muslims.

A

Persia

49
Q

Sufi Muslims succeeded in winning converts to Islam through what technique?

A

tolerance for existing beliefs

50
Q

Christian missionaries were successful in attracting converts in which regions?

A

the Balkans, Sicily, and Spain

51
Q

Which region largely escaped the effects of the plague?

A

India

52
Q

The fertile soils of the Atlantic island colonized by the Portuguese were used to cultivate…

A

Sugarcane

53
Q

Which country’s population took almost 600 years to return to preplague levels?

A

Egypt

54
Q

The Ming dynasty established a government that excluded…

A

Mongol political systems

55
Q

Mandarins, a group of influential officials, were used by the central government to ensure the implementation of _______ ______ at the local level.

A

imperial policy

56
Q

Between 1300 and 1400, bubonic plague caused Europe’s population to decline by an estimated

A

25%

57
Q

True or False: The Ming rulers did NOT rebuild the Chinese economy by promoting trade with other countries.

A

True

58
Q

Political authorities in western Europe responded to the aftermath of the plague by doing what (to wages)?

A

freezing wages

59
Q

In the later middle ages, political authority in western Europe was held by

A

an assortment of regional states

60
Q

The standing armies in Europe during the late middle ages were largely made up of

A

mercenaries

61
Q

China experienced a resurgence of agricultural output as a result of the rebuilding of

A

irrigation systems

62
Q

The ability to finance an army allowed King ______ _______ of France to establish dominance over the nobility, who otherwise might have challenged his authority.

A

Louis IX

63
Q

One of the significant improvements made by the Renaissance painters was their use of

A

linear perspective

64
Q

European states made significant progress in state-building and warfare by establishing

A

permanent or long-standing armies

65
Q

What were the purposes of Zheng He’s voyages in the Indian ocean?

A

to impress foreign peoples with the might of the Ming dynasty.

66
Q

What characteristics made a good trading city?

A

maintaining order, quarters for foreign merchants, and strategic locations.

67
Q

Renaissance humanists thought that the estate of marriage was

A

as honorable as a monastic life

68
Q

Which trading city-state was Ivan the Great determined to capture in order to bring wealth to his growing empire?

A

Novgorod

69
Q

Gunpowder technology from China was spread from east to west primarily by the

A

Mongols

70
Q

The Bubonic Plague originated in…

A

China

71
Q

Khubilai Khan employed Marco Polo in administrative posts because…

A

He didn’t fully trust his Chinese subjects

72
Q

In the five centuries after the year 1000 C.E., the peoples of the eastern hemisphere…

A

traveled and interacted more intensively than ever before.

73
Q

Luxury goods of high value (like gems) relative to their weight…

A

usually traveled overland on the silk roads

74
Q

True or False: London was a major participant in long-distance trading in the immediate centuries after the year 1000 C.E.

A

FALSE!!! Major participants in long-distance trading were cities like Melaka, Constantinople, Khanbaliq, or Kilwa

75
Q

The important trading city of Melaka is located in modern-day

A

Malaysia

76
Q

The spread of Mongol control laid the…

A

laid the political foundation for a surge in long distance trade

77
Q

According to Marco Polo’s account, he was made governor of the large trading city of…

A

Yangzhou

78
Q

When Pope Innocent IV sent envoys to invite the Mongols to join in an alliance against the Muslims…

A

the khans declined and in turn told the Christians to submit to Mongol rule or be destroyed.

79
Q

Rabban Sauma’s journey was designed to…

A

invite the Europeans to join the Persian ilkhans against the Muslims.

80
Q

True or False: Silk was NOT one of the products that had a new impact during this period of increasing interaction

A

True. Products that had a new impact were gunpowder, sugarcane, cotton, citrus fruits, etc.

81
Q

As a result of the bubonic plague, the population of Europe dropped from seventy-nine million in 1300 to around ________ in 1400.

A

sixty million

82
Q

Hongwu’s philosophy for ruling China was to

A

return to the model of traditional Chinese dynasties.

83
Q

True or False: The move to a more decentralized governmental form was the most important decision under Hongwu’s rule.

A

False. not true at all. what?

84
Q

The marriage of Fernando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile

A

led to the creation of the Spanish state

85
Q

The dome on the cathedral of Florence was designed by…

A

Brunelleschi

86
Q

True or False: The introduction of abstract painting as an artistic genre was NOT representative of Renaissance art

A

True. They used realism

87
Q

The most important of the humanistic thinkers was…

A

Erasmus (Desiderius)

88
Q

The Portuguese mariner who sailed to Calicut in 1498 was…

A

Vasco da Gama

89
Q

The Renaissance began in

A

Northern italy (florence)

90
Q

True/False, The best-known long-distance traveler of Mongol time was the Venetian Marco Polo.

A

True

91
Q

True/False, The best-known of the Muslim travelers was Rabban Sauma.

A

False (he was a christian)

92
Q

True/False, The most active of the Roman Catholic missionaries in China was John of Montecorvino.

A

True

93
Q

True/False, The bubonic plague typically killed SIXTY to SEVENTY percent of its human victims and had the potential to ravage a society within a few months.

A

True

ap world history 🌎 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions