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Biology 108 > Chapter 11 reverse > Flashcards

Chapter 11 reverse Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

reverse

Closed system of the heart and blood vessels

Heart pumps blood

Bolld vessels allow blood to circulate to all parts of the body

A

Cardiovascular System

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2
Q

reverse

transport O2, nutrients, hormones, etc

temperature regulation

protection: immunity and hemostasis

A

Functions of the Cardiovascular system

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3
Q

reverse

locatoin: thorax between the lungs in the inferior mediastium
orientation: pointed apex directed toward the left hip

base points toward right shoulder

about size of fist

A

Heart

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4
Q

reverse

Pericardium: double walled sac

fibrous pericardium is loose and superficial

Serous membrane: deep to the fibrous pericardium and composed of 2 layers

A

Heart coverings

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5
Q

reverse

Visceral pericardium: surface of the heart

Parietal pericardium: outside layer that lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium

Selrous fluid: fills space between the layers of pericardium

A

Serous Membrane

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6
Q

reverse

3 layers

epicardium

myocardium

endocardium

A

Heart wall

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7
Q

reverse

visceral pericardium

outside layer superficial

A

Epicardium

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8
Q

reverse

middle layer

mostly cardiac muscle

A

myocardium

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9
Q

reverse

endothelium

inner layer: deep

A

endocardium

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10
Q

reverse

4 chambers

right and left act as separate pumps

Atria: top

Ventricles: Bottom

A

Heart Chambers

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11
Q

reverse

Left and right

upper chambers

receiving chambers

A

Atria

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12
Q

reverse

right and left

lower chambers

pumps

A

Ventricles

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13
Q

reverse

muscle that separates the two ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

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14
Q

reverse

muscle wall that separates the two Atria

A

interatrial septum

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15
Q

reverse

allow blood to flow in only one direction: prevent backflow

Atrioventricular Valves (AV)

Semilunar valves

A

Heart valves

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16
Q

reverse

Tricuspid valves between RA and RV

Bicuspid (mitral) valve: between LA and LV

A

Atrioventricular Valves

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17
Q

reverse

Pulmonary semilunar valve: between RV and pulmonary trunk

aortic valve: between LV and aorta

A

Semilunar valves

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18
Q

reverse

Systemic Circuit

Pulmonary Circuit

A

Blood flow through body

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19
Q

reverse

blood flows from the LV through body and back to the RA

A

Systemic Circuit

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20
Q

reverse

blood flows from the RV to the lungs and back to the LA

A

PUlmonary Circuit

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21
Q

reverse

Arteries:

aorta: Leaves LV

pulmonary trunk: leaves RV

Veins:

Superior and inferior venae cavae: enter RA

pulmonary veins (4): enter LA

A

Associated Great vessels

22
Q

reverse

blood in heart chambers does not nourish the myocardium

Coronary arteries

Coronary Veins

A

Coronary Circulation

23
Q

reverse

branch from aorta

supply heart muscle with O2 rich blood

A

Coronary Arteries

24
Q

reverse

drain the myocardium of blood

coronary sinus: large vein on the posterior of the heart, receives blood from cardiac veins

blood empties into the RA

A

Coronary Veins

25
Q

reverse

Transport blood to tissues and back

Arteries

Veins

A

Blood Vessels

26
Q

reverse

Carry O2 rich blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

arterioles

27
Q

reverse

exchange between tissues and blood

A

Capillary beds

28
Q

reverse

return O2 poor blood to heart

A

Veins

Venules

29
Q

reverse

3 layers

Tunic Intima

Tunic Media

Tunic Externa

A

Blood vessel anatomy

30
Q

reverse

endothelium

A

Tunic intima

31
Q

reverse

smooth muscle

controlled by sympathetic nervous tissue

A

Tunic media

32
Q

reverse

mostly fibrous connective tissue

A

Tunic Externa

33
Q

reverse

Artery walls are thickest

lumens of veins are larger

larger veins have valves to prevent backflow

A

Blood vessel differences

34
Q

reverse

smallest vessels

simple squamous epithelium:

one layer thick

permits diffusion, osmosis and filtration

exchange vessels: site of O2, CO2, water, nutrient and waste exchange

aranged in beds: density reflects metabolic rate

A

Capillaries

35
Q

reverse

largest artery in the body

leaves the LV of the heart

A

Aorta

36
Q

reverse

Ascending aorta leaves LV

aortic arch: arches to the left

Thoracic aorta: travels downward through thorax

Abdominal aorta: passes through the diaphragm into the abdominopelvic cavity

A

Regions of Aorta

37
Q

reverse

right and left coronary arteries serve the heart

A

arterial branches of ascending aorta

38
Q

reverse

Brachiocephalic trunk

left common carotid artery

left subclavin artery

A

Branches of the aortic arch

39
Q

reverse

Common carotid

internal carotid arteries: to brain

external carotid arteries:

to face and scalp

Vertebral artery: to brain

A

arteries of neck, head and brain

40
Q

reverse

subclavin artery

axillary artery

Bracial artery

radial and ulnar arteries

A

Arteries of shoulder and upper limb

41
Q

reverse

renal arteries to kidneys

A

Abdominal aorta

42
Q

reverse

common iliac arteris: inferior branch of abdonimal aorta

internal iliac: to pelvic cavity

external iliac: to lower limb

Femoral artery

A

arteris of pelvis and lower limbs

43
Q

reverse

Superior and inferior Vena Cava

enter RA of heart

A

Major Veins

44
Q

reverse

drains the head and upper limbs

A

Superior Vena Cava

45
Q

reverse

drains the lower body

A

inferior vena cava

46
Q

reverse

External jugular: face and scalp

Internal jugular (largest jugular): Brain, deep veins of face and neck

brachiocephalic veins to SVC

A

Veins of brain head and neck

47
Q

reverse

Radial and Ulnar veins

brachial vein

axillary vein

subclavin vein into the brachiocephalic vein

A

Veins of shoulder and upper limbs

48
Q

reverse

renal vein from kidneys

hepatic veins from liver

hepatic portal system

A

Veins from Abdominal viscera

49
Q

reverse

blood from stomach, small intestines, and large intestines flows to liver via hepatic portal vein, not directly to the inferior vena cava

A

hepatic portal system

50
Q

reverse

femoral vein

external iliac vein

internal iliac vein

common iliac vein

inferior vena cava

A

veins from pelvis and lower limbs

Biology 108 (38 decks)

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