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Biology 108 > Chapter 1 reverse > Flashcards

Chapter 1 reverse Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

reverse

Study of structure and shape of body and parts

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

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Study of how the body and its parts work and function

A

Physiology

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3
Q

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Large structures easily observable

A

Gross Anatomy

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4
Q

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very small structures can only be viewed with a microscope

A

Microscopic Anatomy

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5
Q

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Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organ Systems organism

A

Structural Organization

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6
Q

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Integumentary Skin Skeletal Muscular Nervous Endochrine Cardiocvascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive

A

Organ System

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7
Q

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forms the external body covering protects deeper tissue from injury helps regulate body temperature loacation of cutaneous receptors sweat and oil glands

A

Integumentary Skin

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8
Q

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protects and supports body organisms provides muscle attachment for movement site of blood cell formation stores minerals

A

Skeletal system

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9
Q

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produces movement maintains posture produces heat

A

Muscular System

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10
Q

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fast acting system responds to internal and external change activates muscles and glands

A

Nervous System

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11
Q

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slow acting systems secretes regulatory hormones growth reproduction metablolism

A

Endocrine System

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12
Q

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transports materials in body via blood pumped by heart oxygen, carbon, dioxide, nutrients, wastes

A

Cardiovascular System

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13
Q

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returns fluids to blood vessels cleanses the blood involved in immunity

A

Lymphatic system

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14
Q

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keeps blood supplied with oxygen removes carbon dioxide

A

Respiratory system

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15
Q

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breaks down food allows for nutrient absorption into blood eliminates indigestible material

A

Digestive System

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16
Q

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eliminates nitrogenous wastes maintains acid base balance regulates water and electrolytes

A

Urinary System

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17
Q

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produces offspring testes produce sperm Ovaries produce eggs

A

Reproductive System

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18
Q

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Maintain boundaries Movement Responsiveness Digestion metabolism Excretion Reproduction Growth

A

Functions for Life

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19
Q

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Internal environment is different from external integumentary system keeps fluid in bacteria out protects agains sun heat and chemicals

A

Maintain Boundaries

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20
Q

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locomotion walking swimming facial expression movement of substances food and waste through alimentary canal blood urine

A

Movement

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21
Q

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ability to sense changes and react

A

Responsiveness

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22
Q

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break down and absorption of nutrients

A

Digestion

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23
Q

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all chemical reactoins in body breakdown complex molecules to smaller build smaller to larger produce energy make body structures

A

Metabolism

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24
Q

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removing wastes produced during metabolic reactions and digestion primarily removed in urine and feces

A

Excretion

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25
Q

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Produces future generations occurs on cellular level or organismal level

A

Reproduction

26
Q

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increases cell size and number of cells

A

Growth

27
Q

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Nutrients Oxygen Water Stable body Temperature Atmospheric Pressure

A

Survival needs

28
Q

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chemiclas for cell building carbs proteins lipids vitamins minerals

A

Nutrients

29
Q

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required for chemical reactions

A

oxygen

30
Q

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60-80 of body weight provides for metabolic reaction

A

Water

31
Q

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must be appropriate for gas exchange

A

Atmospheric Pressure

32
Q

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maintaining stable environment dynamic state of flux imbalance results in disease

A

Homeostasis

33
Q

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Neural and Hormonal control systems Receptor Control Center Effector

A

Homeostasis Regulation

34
Q

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sensor that monitors and responds to changes in environment sends information to control center Brain

A

Receptor

35
Q

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Determines set point Level at which variable is maintained Analyzes information determines appropriate response

A

Control Center Brain

36
Q

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responds to signals from brain afferent IN efferent OUT

A

Effector

37
Q

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Homeostatic mechanisms to keep body levels within a normal range can vary from one person to another positive and negative

A

Feedback Mechanisms

38
Q

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Most common effectors produce response opposite of stimulus bring value back to set point shut off or reduce stimulus

A

Negative Feedback mechanism

39
Q

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promotes further push from set point used in blood clotting and child birth Keep clotting until bleeding stops

A

Positive Feedback mechanism

40
Q

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terms to prevent misunderstanding position direction regions structures

A

Language of Anatomy

41
Q

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Standing erect face forward arms at side palms fwd fingers down feet forward parallel and flat

A

Standard Anatomical position

42
Q

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Up

A

Superior

43
Q

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Down

A

Inferior

44
Q

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Front

A

Anterior Ventral

45
Q

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Back

A

Posterior Dorsal

46
Q

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toward midline

A

Medial

47
Q

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Out

A

lateral

48
Q

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up extremity

A

Proximal

49
Q

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Down extremity

A

Distal

50
Q

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toward top

A

Superficial

51
Q

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toward center

A

Deep

52
Q

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Sagital Frontal Transverse

A

Body Planes

53
Q

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down middle split left and right

A

Sagital

54
Q

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split front and back

A

Frontal

55
Q

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split top and bottom

A

Transverse

56
Q

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Dorsal Ventral

A

Body Cavities

57
Q

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Cranial houses brain spinal houses spinal cord

A

Dorsal Cavity

58
Q

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Throacic houses heart lungs and others 2 plural cavities surround lungs Mediastium pericardial

A

Ventral Cavity

59
Q

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separates plural cavity contains esophagus trachea aorta thymus heart

A

Mediastium Cavity

60
Q

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surrounds heart

A

Pericardial Cavity

61
Q

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abdominal cavity Most digestive organs Pelvic cavity enclosed by hip bones coxal bones

A

Abdominopelvic cavity

Biology 108 (38 decks)

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