chapter 10 objectives Flashcards
sterilization
process that destroys and removes all viable microorganisms and viruses
disinfection
physical/chemical process to destroy VEGETATIVE pathogens but not bacterial endospores. removes toxins from microorganisms
decontamination
cleansing technique that mechanically removes microorganisms as well as other debris to reduce contamination to SAFE LEVELS
sanitization
cleansing technique that mechanically removes microorganisms as well as other debris to reduce contamination to SAFE LEVELS
Antisepsis
reduces number of microbes on human skin
degermation
reduces number of microbes on human skin
microorganisms most resistant and least resistant to control measures
most resistant: prions
least resistant: enveloped viruses
microbial vs microbiostatic agents
microbial kills microbes and micro biostatic agents
four categories of cellular targets for physical and chemical agents
heat, radiation, gases/liquids, filtration
6 methods for physical control of microorganisms
incineration, dry oven, steam under pressure, boiling water, ionizing, nonionizing
moist vs dry heat methods
thermal death time vs thermal death pt
tdt: shortest length of time it takes to kill specific bacteria at a specific temperature
tdp: the lowest temperature required to kill all microbes in a
sample in 10 minutes
why is moist heat more effective than dry heat at lower temperatures
Moist heat is more effective than dry heat at lower temperatures because it more easily penetrates microorganisms and denatures their proteins.
2 methods of dry heat control
direct flaming (incineration) and hot air sterilization
pasteurization
technique in which heat is applied to liquids to kill potential agents of infection (spores survive; it does not sterilize)
