CH8 Continuation Flashcards
Cellular Respiration Equation
C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 –> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
2 major pathways in the breakdown of pyruvate
- Respiration
- Fermentation
2 types of respiration and differences in terms of:
-terminal e acceptor
-main process
Aerobic:
-O2
-pyruvic acid is completely oxidized to CO2
via the TCA
Anaerobic:
-nitrates, sulfates, carbonates
-employed by methanogens (strict anaerobes)
and denitrifiers (facultative anaerobes)
3rd step of cellular respiration (2 phases)
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Electron Transport Chain
3 steps in Oxidative Phosphorylation
- ATP production via chemiosmosis
- electron transport and re-oxidation of reduced co-enzymes
- Proton Motive Force (proton gradient)
an energized state of a membrane created
by expulsion of protons
Proton Motive Forces
What is the electron transport chain
series of carrier molecules that are oxidized and
reduced as electrons are passed down the chain
How many ATP per NADH and FADH2
NADH - 2.5
FADH2 - 1.5
Central Metabolism Location of eukaryotes and prokaryotes in:
- Glycolysis
- Intermediate Step
- TCA
- ETC
- Cytoplasm both
- Cytoplasm both
- Mitochondrial matrix (E) P& Cytoplasm (P)
- Mitochondrial inner membrane (E) & Plasma Membrane (P)
Energy produced from complete oxidation
of 1 glucose using aerobic respiration in:
- Glycolysis
- Intermediate Step
- Krebs Cycle
ATP ; NADH ; FADH2
G: 2, 2, 0
IS: 0, 2, 0
KC: 2, 6, 2
ATP produced from complete oxidation of 1
glucose using aerobic respiration in:
- Glycolysis
- Intermediate Step
- Krebs Cycle
substrate-level phosphorylation; oxidative phosphorylation (NADH; FADH)
G: 2, 6, 0
IS: 0, 6, 0
KC: 2, 18, 4
How many in total ATPs are produced in EUKARYOTES and PROKARYOTES
36 and 38
2 types of fermentation
- Alcoholic fermentation
- Lactic Acid fermentation
Which step from the cellular respiration does FERMENTATION only have
glycolysis
Process of Alcoholic Fermentation
Glycolysis -> 2 pyruvate -> 2 CO2 & 2 acetaldehyde -> 2 -> ethanol
Process of Lactic Acid Fermentation
Glycolysis -> 2 pyruvate -> 2 lactate
Does fermentation have external e-acceptors?
No, they use organic compounds like 2 pyruvate and 2 acetaldehyde
Pigment responsible for color of plants
Chlorophyll
2 phases of Photosynthesis
Light dependent and Calvin Cycle
Where does Light dependent reaction occur
Thylakoids
Process in Light Dependent reactions and PRODUCTS
H2O + Light -> ATP, NADPH, and Oxygen
H2O is split. H from water is transferred to NADPH
Which of the products of light dependent is needed for calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH
Where does calvin cycle reaction occur
stroma
Process in Calvin Cycle and PRODUCTS
CO2 + ATP + NADPH -> Glucose
Light reaction vs Dark reaction in terms of:
- occurs in presence of?
- type of phase
- location of photolysis
LR:
- light
- photochemical phase
- PS-II
DR:
- absence of light
- biochemical phase
- does not occur
