CH 11 Flashcards
7 general characteristics of Algae
- domain
- uni or multi
- cell wall
- pathogenicity
- nutrition
- motility
- type of pigment it contains
- eukaryotic
- unicellular, multicellular, colonial
- thin and rigid cell wall
- most are non-pathogenic
- photosynthetic
- contains photosynthetic pigments
- motile by flagella and substratum
Habitat of algae (3)
- light and moisture
- freshwater, saltwater, and soil
- Littoral zone (shore areas)
Composition of cell wall (8)
cellulose
mannan
galactans
alginic acid
chitin
xylan
CaCO3
flucoidin
a unicellular algae widely used as a model for different algae functions
Chlamydomonas
4 characteristics that makes CHLAMYDOMONAS a good algae model
photosynthesis
flagellar movement
phototaxis
cell-cell communication
Most known organelle found in algae
plastids
3 main characteristics of plastids
and which of the two are only present in SOME algae
2 & #3
- PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS
- Pyrenoids (CO2 fixation and starch formation)
- Eyespot/Stigma (photoaxis)
3 pigments found in algae
- chlorophylls
- carotenoids
- phycobilins
2 examples of carotenoids
carotenes and xanthophylls
4 examples of phycobilins
- Phycoerythrobilin (red)
- Phycourobilin (orange)
- Phycoviolobilin (purple)
- Phycocyanobilin (blue)
Other term for “Phycocyanobilin”
Phycobiliverdin
2 types of asexual reproduction
Binary Fission and Fragmentation
3 types of sexual reproduction
CONJUGATION
- isogamy
- heterogamy
- oogamy
TYPES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
different genotypes
isogamy
TYPES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
different size
heterogamy
TYPES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
different motility
oogamy
How many flagella do chlamydomonas have
2
Is chlamydomonas haploid or diploid
haploid
CHLAMYDOMONAS - Asexual Stage (3 phases)
- Adult undergoes MITOSIS to produce zoospores
- Zoospores are still enclosed in a sac called ZOOSPORANGIUM
- The sac bursts to release the zoospores
CHLAMYDOMONAS - Sexual Stage (5 phases)
- Adult undergoes MITOSIS to produce zoospores in zoosporangium
- Zoosporangium forms a ISOGAMY GAMETE PAIRING w/:
+ Gamete
- Gamete - The two gametes fuses to form a ZYGOTE through FERTILIZATION
- Zygote forms ZYGOSPORE
- Zygospore undergoes MEIOSIS to form 4 haploid spores
What type of reproduction specifically do spirogyra undergo?
conjugation
2 examples of algae that are primary producers
phytoplankton
seaweed
3 examples of food based on ALGAE
Caulerpa
Palmaria palmata
Porphyra
Use of algae in microbiology setting
Agar
What is Kingdom Archaeplastida
A supergroup of protists that includes land plants and green algae
RED ALGAE
- other term
- 3 key genera
- habitat (3)
- pigments (5)
- multicellular or unicellular
- motility
- cell wall composition (3)
- mode of reproduction (2)
- Rhodophytes
- Polysiphonia, Cyanidium, Galdiera
- salt water, fresh water, and terrestrial
- phycoerythrin, chlorophyll a, phycobiliproteins, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin
- multicellular
- non-motile
- cellulose, pectin, carrageenan
- asexual spores, sexual gametes
Green Algae
- other term
- 2 key genera
- habitat (4)
- pigments (4)
- multicellular or unicellular
- storage product (1)
- cell wall composition (2)
- mode of reproduction (3)
- motility
- Chlorophytes
- Chlamydomonas and Volvox
- fresh water, salt water, soil, tree barks (lichens)
- cholorophyll a and b, carotenes, xantophylls
- unicellular, filamentous, colonial, multicellular
- starch-glucose polymer
- cellulose and pectin
- Asexual (fission, spores) & Sexual
- non motile BUT reproductive structures are motile
What type of GREEN ALGAE is the only motile organism?
Chlorococcales
