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MICROBIOLOGY > CH 10 > Flashcards

CH 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 Classifications of Fungi

A

Yeast, Molds, Mushrooms

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2
Q

What are Microsporidia

A

unicellular fungi that are obligate intracellular parasites

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3
Q

What type of fungi is one of the early-branching lineage of Eukarya

A

Microsporidia

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4
Q

Example of a human pathogen

A

Enterocystozoan bieneusi

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5
Q

General Characteristics of a Fungi (5)

A
  1. Eukaryotic
  2. Filamentous and unicellular)
  3. All are chemoheterotrophic
  4. Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
  5. Contains a rigid wall (chitin) that is 80-90% polysaccharide
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6
Q

microscopic, filamentous structures that make up the body of multicellular fungi w apical growth

A

Hyphae

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7
Q

Mass of Hyphae

A

Mycelium

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8
Q

Are all fungi achlorophyllous?

A

no chlorophyll

yes

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9
Q

Are all fungi saprophytic?

A

lives off decaying matter

yes

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10
Q

body/soma of fungi

A

Thallus

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11
Q

2 types of Hyphae based on septation

A

Septate - w/ crosswalks/septa along hypha
Aseptate - or COENOCYTIC (lacks septa)

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12
Q

4 types of Hyphae based on function

A
  1. Vegetative
  2. Aerial
  3. Reproductive
  4. Mycelium
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13
Q

Types of Hyphae based on function

penetrates medium and absorbs food

A

Vegetative

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14
Q

Types of Hyphae based on function

above surface of media

A

Aerial

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15
Q

Types of Hyphae based on function

carry spores

A

Reproductive

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16
Q

Types of Hyphae based on function

collection of hyphae

A

mycelium

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17
Q

4 addition structures of Hyphae

A
  1. Haustoria
  2. Rhizoids
  3. Stolon
  4. Ring
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18
Q

Additional structure of Hyphae

outgrowth of somatic hypha in parasitic fungi

A

Haustoria

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19
Q

Additional structure of Hyphae

root-like structures

A

rhizoids

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20
Q

Additional structure of Hyphae

hypha that connects two rhizoids

A

stolon

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21
Q

Additional structure of Hyphae

formed by nematode-trapping fungi for killing preys

A

ring

22
Q

Growth Requirements in terms of :

C source
N source
Temp
pH

A

glucose or maltose
organic and inorganic
most @ 0-35 C, but optimal @ 38-39 C
6

23
Q

association between fungi (mycobiont) and
algae/cyanobacteria (photobiont)

A

Lichens

24
Q

symbiotic relationship that are used as biomonitors of atmospheric quality

A

Lichens

25
Q

association between plant roots and fungi

A

mycorrhizae

26
Q

3 types of Lichens

A
  1. Apothecium (Sexual; disc-shaped structures)
  2. Soredia (Asexual)
  3. Isidia (finger-like)
27
Q

3 growth forms of lichens

A
  1. Crustose (crusty)
  2. Foliose (leafy)
  3. Fruticose (branched)
28
Q

Uses of Lichens (3)

A
  1. Food
  2. Lichenometry (age determination of rocks)
  3. Biodegradation (degrade polyester resins and accumulate lead and copper)
  4. Production of dyes, pH indicator, antibiotics (Production of dyes, pH indicator and antibiotics)
29
Q

4 methods of asexual reproduction

A
  1. Fragmentation
  2. Fission
  3. Budding
  4. Asexual Spores
30
Q

Methods of asexual reproduction

hyphae break up into component cells

A

fragmentation

31
Q

what do you call the cells that are broken down hyphae as a result of fragmentation

A

arthrospores

32
Q

Methods of asexual reproduction

splitting of a cell into 2 daughter cells by constriction

A

fission

33
Q

Methods of asexual reproduction

production of small outgrowth from parent cell

A

budding

34
Q

Methods of asexual reproduction

most common method

A

asexual spore formation

35
Q

3 major types of asexual spores

A
  1. Sporangiospore (born within a sporangium)
  2. Conidiospore (exogenous)
  3. Blastospore (budding spore)
36
Q

2 types of Sporangiospore

A

Zoospore (w flagella)
Aplanospores (nonmotile)

37
Q

2 types of asexual spores based on spore development

A
  1. Thallic
  2. Blastic
38
Q

Types of asexual spores based on spore development

developed by septation and fragmentation

A

Thallic

39
Q

Types of asexual spores based on spore development

found at tip of hypha and intercalary

A

Thallic

40
Q

What do you call thallic at tip of
1. hyphae
2. intercalary

A
  1. arthrospores
  2. chlamydospores
41
Q

Types of asexual spores based on spore development

developed by budding and swelling

A

Blastic

42
Q

Types of asexual spores based on spore development

single spores or chain of spores

A

Blastic

43
Q

2 types of blastic

A

blastospores & phialospores

44
Q

3 phases of sexual reproduction

A
  1. Plasmogamy (union of protoplasts)
  2. Karyogamy (fusion of nuclei)
  3. Meiosis (reduces chromosomes to haploid)
45
Q

What should fungi associate with to survive

A

algae

46
Q

Examples of sexual reproduction

gametes of complementary mating types

A

Planogametic copulation

47
Q

Examples of sexual reproduction

Gametangia come in contact but do not fuse. Transfer of gametes happen thru fertilization tube

A

Gametangial contact

48
Q

Examples of sexual reproduction

Gametangia fuse and give rise to zygote that develops into ZYGOSPORE

A

Gametangial copulation

49
Q

Examples of sexual reproduction

fusion of somatic cells during plasmogamy

A

Somatogamy

50
Q

Examples of sexual reproduction

fusion of hyphal tips of two complementary mating

A

spermatization

MICROBIOLOGY (23 decks)

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