ch 8 cell cycle case study Flashcards
Describe the chromosome(s) of prokaryotes; include shape, size, and number.
prokaryotic : circular ,small , single
eukaryotic : linear , large , multiple
what is the difference between mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis produces two genetically identical produce 2n diploid
meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique 4n
haploid
What is the process used to make a complete copy of a cell’s DNA called?
Replication
What enzyme synthesizes DNA?direction
DNA polymerase
all polymerases synthesize DNA only in the 5′ to 3′
What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?
to separate two strands of DNA for replication
What is the relationship between a genome, chromosome and gene?
DNA, genes, and chromosomes make up each organism’s genome
Describe the general conditions that must be met at each of the 3 checkpoints.
What are the internal and external controls that affect the cell cycle?
external cues (like molecular signals) and internal cues (like DNA damage)
What are checkpoints :
cegulatory points at which the cell examines internal/external cues to decide whether or not to move forward in division
Do all cells divide continuously ?
some cells, such as skin cells or blood cells are dividing all the time. When cells become damaged or die the body makes new cells to replace them
What happens during each phase of interphase?
G1 involves cell growth and protein synthesis, the S phase involves DNA replication and the replication of the centrosome, and G2 involves further growth and protein synthesis.
