ch 4 part 2 reviews

Question 1

Evidence for the Endosymbiosis Theory

Answer 1

-Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in size to prokaryotic cells and divide by splitting (fission).

-chloroplast and mitochondria have their on ribosome

-chloroplast mitochondria have small amount of circular DNA

-Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA are more highly related to bacterial DNA than eukaryotic DNA.

Question 2

____________and ____________are similar in size to prokaryotic cells and divide by splitting (fission).

Answer 2

chloroplast
mitochodria

Question 3

organelle may have develped or formed by ____________,_______________or _____________

Answer 3

endosymbiosis ,invagination
, combination of the two

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Largest organelle

Question 5

nucleus functions:

Answer 5

-genetic control center
-storage for hereditary material

Question 6

nucleus stracture :

Answer 6

-nuclear membrane
-Chromatin
-nuceolus

Question 7

cytoskeleton

Answer 7

the inner sacffolding of the cell

Question 8

functions of cytoskeleton

Answer 8

-provide shape and support
-control intracellular traffic flow
-enable movement

Question 9

Composition of the Cytoskeleton :

Answer 9

-microtubule
-intermediate filaments
-microfilaments

Question 10

the tracks to which molecules and organelle in the cell may attach and be moved along
المسارات التي يمكن للجزيئات والعضيات الموجودة في الخلية أن تهاجمها وتحبها وحدها

Answer 10

microtubule

Question 11

, durable rope-like system of numerous overlapping protein
give cell strength

Answer 11

intermediate filaments

Question 12

long , solid , rod-like fibers
help with cell contraction and division

Answer 12

microfilaments

Question 13

cilia versus flagella

Answer 13

cilia short whereas flagella tall

Question 14

_______ can move fluid past cells, whereas _________ with whip-like moton can move the cell themselves

Answer 14

cilia
,flagella

Question 15

Mitochondria responsible for

Answer 15

covert energy in the bonds of food into molecules useable by cell

Question 16

adenosine triphosphate or ATP

a dn seen try fas fait

adenosine triphosphate

Answer 16

the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level

Question 17

power house for cell :

Answer 17

mitochondria

my to cand re ya

Question 18

Inner and outer membranes in mitochondria :

Answer 18

inner membrane is highly folded
outer membrane is smooth

Question 19

Lysosomes

Answer 19

the cell’s garbage disposal

Question 20

lysosome function :

Answer 20

act as floating garbage disposal
for cells
digesting and recycling cellular waste
products and consumed material

Question 21

Endomembrane System function :

Answer 21

1-produce and modify molecules to be exported to other parts of the organisms
2-breaks down toxic chemical and cellular by product

Question 22

system of molecules or organelles that surround the nucleus
that product and modify biological molecules

Answer 22

endomembrane system

Question 23

endomembrane system :

Answer 23

-smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-rough endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi apparatus