basic terms ch 8 part 2

Question 1

one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division.

Answer 1

A chromatid

Question 2

The two “sister” chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the

chrohm it id

chrom at id

Answer 2

centromere

sant rimeeear

cent ro mere

Question 3

the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells

Answer 3

diploid

dip loy id

dip loid

Question 4

part of cytoskeleton of the cell and they help in the division of cell

Answer 4

centrosome

Question 5

A narrow, hollow tube-like structure found in the cytoplasm (the fluid inside a cell) of plant and animal cells

Answer 5

microtubules

micro / tube yil

micro tubules

Question 6

the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells
العملية الفيزيائية لانقسام الخلايا، والتي تقسم السيتوبلازم في الخلية الأم إلى خليتين ابنتين

Answer 6

cytokinesis

Question 7

The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell’s nucleus

Answer 7

cytoplasm

Question 8

the difference between mitosis and miosis

Answer 8

Question 9

mutation

m . u tah shn طفره

m u t a tion

Answer 9

a change in the DNA sequence of an organism

seq uen ce

seq uen ce

Question 10

inhibition

N HIB ISH n تثبيط

IN HIB ITION

Answer 10

a force that prevents something from happening

Question 11

metastasis

mata stay sis

meta sta sis

Answer 11

the spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed to another part of the body

Question 12

homologues chromosome

hoh moh lig s

homo log ous

Answer 12

maternal and paternal copies of chromosome
نسخ الأم والأب من الكروموسوم

mit ir nill / pit ir nill

maternal / paternal

Question 13

sister chromatid

Answer 13

the two identical copies of chromosome created during replication

Question 14

centromere

Answer 14

the point at which two sister chromatid are held togather

Question 15

the pairing of homologous chromosomes that occurs in prophase of the first meiotic division and during which crossing-over may occu

Answer 15

synapsis

Question 16

diploid versus haploid

Answer 16

Haploid – Organism with only one copy of each gene in each cell, or gametes with such.
Diploid – Two copies of each gene, per cell

Question 17

recombinant

re cam bin nnt

re com bin ant

Answer 17

DNA, proteins, cells, or organisms that are created by combining genetic material from two different sources in order to alter their characterizatio