Cell Biology

Question 1

What do all living things have in common?

Answer 1

–> Respiration/Metabolism
–> Movement and Growth
–> Reproduction
–> respond to environment
–> adapt
–> regulate cellular & Body systems
have order

Question 2

What is DNA?

Answer 2

• -> the molecule of life
• -> deoxyribonucleic acid
• -> the heritable information molecules in cells

Question 3

Steps for DNA

Answer 3

DNA sequence encodes genes, genes encode proteins and proteins do work (expression & activity of proteins direct behaviour and appearance)

Question 4

What is transcription? (txn)

Answer 4

To get from gene to protein, the cell produces an intermediate molecule called mRNA (messenger RNA)

• -> a single strand of Rna molecule
• -> mRNA is almost identical to DNA (except U swaps with T)

Question 5

TXN in Eukaryotes

Answer 5

Pre-mRNA is processed in many ways before leaving the nucleus

Question 6

TXN in Prokaryotes

Answer 6

lacks a nucleus, mRNA produced by transcription is immediately translated.

Question 7

What does a Eukaryotic cell have

Answer 7

10-100um

• complex internal structure separated by a membrane
• has membrane-bound organelles
• A nucleus
• Cell wall (plants and Fungi)
• Multiple linear chromosomes
• Unicellular and Multicellular

Question 8

What does a prokaryotic cell have?

Answer 8

1-10um
No nucleus, but has nucleoid
- no membrane-bound organelles  
-Single naked cellular chromosome (DNA)
-Unicellular