Cancer classification Flashcards
What is the term for a cancer of the epithelium?
Carcinoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of the glandular (Columnar) epithelium?
Adenoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the glandular (Columnar) epithelium?
Adenocarcinoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of the squamous epithelium?
Papilloma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the squamous epithelium?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the bladder epithelium (Urothelium)?
Transitional/Urothelial Cell Carcinoma
What type of epithelium produces keratin?
Squamous epithelium
What name is given to a malignant cancer of the connective tissue?
Sarcoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of fatty tissue?
Lipoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of fatty tissue?
Lipoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of fatty tissue?
Liposarcoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of bone tissue?
Osteoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of bone tissue?
Osteosarcoma
What are the 3 B’s of common childhood cancers?
Bone
Brain
Blood
What name is given to benign tumours of cartilage tissue?
Enchondromas
What name is given to a malignant tumour of cartilage tissue?
Chondrosarcoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of skeletal muscle?
Rhabdomyoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the skeletal muscle?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of smooth muscle?
Leiomyoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of smooth muscle?
Leiomyosarcoma
What name is given to a benign tumour of nerve cells?
Neurofibroma
What name is given to a benign tumour of the nerve cell lining of the PNS?
Schwannoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the nerve cell linings of the CNS?
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour (MPNST)
What name is given to a tumour caused by a tangle of blood vessels?
Haemangioma
Which malignant blood cancer is associated with Human Herpes Virus 8 and AIDS?
Kaposi’s sarcoma
What name is given to a malignant tumour of the blood vessel linings?
Angiosarcoma
What name is given to a freckle?
Ephelis
What name is given to a mole?
Naevus
What is a malignant tumour of the melanocytes of the skin called?
Melanoma
What does cancer staging describe?
How far it has moved
What does cancer grading describe?
How bad the individual cells of a cancer look
What staging technique is used in cancer staging?
TNM staging
What is described by TNM staging?
T - Tumour - Local spread (Size)
N - Nodes - Local spread to lymph nodes
M - Metastases - Non-local spread to other organs or bloodstream
