Cancer

Question 1

damage individual nucleotides (tymidine mismatch/ring cleavage) or cause inter-strand crosslinks (these prevent DNA from denaturing and undergoing replication)–>stopped in S phase

Answer 1

alkylating agents

Question 2

causes covalent linkages between DNA strands and blocks replication; active site=chloroethyl group

Answer 2

platinum alkylating agents

Question 3

initial drugs fabricated for anticancer; block production of normal nucleotides, thus halting replication; insert themselves into DNA and RNA and prevent activity

Answer 3

antimetabolites

Question 4

a uracil analog which can undergo conversion to fluorouridine monophosphate; blocks replication at several sites; blocks formation of deoxythymidine and can be incorporated into RNA and block translation

Answer 4

5-fluorouracil

Question 5

inhibition of topoisomerase II; intercalation/inhibition of DNA synthesis; generation of ROS; allows topoisomerase to cut but not reassemble

Answer 5

anthracyclines

Question 6

target the mitotic spindles, prevent them from forming, so that they can no longer attach to chromosomes and pull them apart during mitosis

Answer 6

vinca alkaloids

Question 7

stabilize the mitotic spindles so they can not depolymerize

Answer 7

taxanes

Question 8

targets the BCR-ABL fusion and blocks its activity; effect treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia

Answer 8

imatinib mesylate