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Dental Pharmacology > Alternative Therapies > Flashcards

Alternative Therapies Flashcards

1
Q

natural coumarin derivatives

A

anise, celery, chamomile, fenugreek, red clover

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2
Q

natural salicylates

A

meadowsweet, poplar, willowbark

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3
Q

antiplatelet action

A

garlic, ginkgo biloba

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4
Q

hypocoagulability- short lived fibrinolytic action

A

capiscum

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5
Q

inhibits 3A4

A

bitter orange

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6
Q

inhibits 1A2 and intestinal 3A4; induces 3A4

A

echinacea

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7
Q

inhibits 1A2 and 2D6

A

ginkgo biloba

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8
Q

inhibits 2D6

A

ginseng

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9
Q

induces 1A2, 3A4, 2C9

A

St. Johns Wort

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10
Q

This list of drugs is impacted by which CYP?:

duloxetine, fluvoxamine, frovatriptan, mexiletine, olanzapine, ropinirole, tacrine, tizanidine and zileuton

A

1A2

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11
Q

This list of drugs is impacted by which CYP?:

amitriptyline, codeine, desipramine, dextromethorphan, metoprolol, oxycodone, tamoxifen, timolol

A

2D6

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12
Q

This list of drugs is impacted by which CYP?:

verapamil, cyclosporine, protease inhibitors, midazolam, simvastatin, atorvastatin, tacrolimus, tamoxifen, triazolam

A

3A4

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13
Q

This list of drugs is impacted by which CYP?:

ARBs, NSAIDs, oral hypoglycemics, warfarin

A

2C9

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14
Q

antagonize immunosuppressants like azathioprine, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, tacrolimus

A

echinacea and ginseng

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15
Q

stimulant effects may oppose sedatives and produce additive actions with epi, phentermine, pseudoephedrine, nicotine or amphetamine

A

caffeine and green tea

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16
Q

contains estrogen-like compounds; long-term use could increase the risk of women developing cancer of the lining of the uterus

A

red clover

17
Q

increased mean PSA doubling time (effective in treatment of prostatic cancer); CYP3A4 inhibitor; increase rhabdomyolysis with statins

A

pomegranate juice

18
Q

prevent/treat UTI or H. pylori infections, or prevent dental plaque (antioxidant/anticancer activity); side effects: GI upset or diarrhea

A

cranberry

19
Q

which vitamins antagonize warfarin?

A

E and K

20
Q

potent antioxidant (role in maintaining healthy muscle, low serum levels in Parkinsons); hypertension; ischemic heart disease (improvements observed in HDL cholesterol, exercise tolerance); structural similarity with vit. K resulting in possible reduction in warfarin activity

A

Coenzyme Q10

21
Q

serves as a cartilage nutrient; used for pain associated with knee osteoarthritis; sulfate and hydrochloride forms are available (hydrochloride is ineffective); clinical trials inconclusive

A

glucosamine

22
Q

serotonin derivative; re-sets body “clock” after jetlag; metabolized by CYP1A2; decrease M/F fertility and breast milk production; interacts with SSRIs and antagonizes effects of antipsychotics

A

melatonin

23
Q

good evidence of decreasing BPH symptoms w/o shrinking prostate

A

beta-sitosterols

24
Q

may provide benefit in CV disorders, lower LDL, lower blood sugar, boost immune system and antimicrobial agents and enhance response to flu vaccine

A

ginseng

25
Q

supplement for mental health: combine with antidepressant; wont work alone

A

folic acid

26
Q

supplement for mental health: modestly effective in slowing decline—equivalent to AchE inhibitor; additive with AchE inhibitors

A

ginkgo biloba

27
Q

supplement for mental health: as effective as older TCAs; boost effectiveness of SSRIs

A

SAMe (s-adenosyl-L-methionine)

28
Q

supplement for mental health: fewer adverse effects than BNZs; useful for sleep/anxiety in children with ANHD

A

valerian

29
Q

supplement for mental health: boost effectiveness of antidepressants; may trigger mania in bipolar disorder-use with mood stabilizer

A

omega 3 FA

30
Q

supplement for mental health: works in mild/moderate symptoms of depression; possible alternative medication in children/adolescents

A

St Johns wort

31
Q

supplement for mental health: improves sleep quality in patient with schizophrenia, major depression and seasonal affective disorder; alternative to drugs in children/elderly

A

melatonin

32
Q

mineral: enhances insulin action, carb fat and protein metabolism; no proven effects in diabetes, lipid metabolism or body weight/composition; B blockers, corticosteroids, insulin, nicotinic acid and NSAIDs may be enhanced or may increase absorption

A

chromium (found in broccoli)

33
Q

mineral: important antioxidants preventing free radical damage; cancer: some studies show beneficial effects in prostate, colorectal, lung; HIV: deficiency associated with reduced immune function-may by a significant predictor of survival

A

selenium (found in brazil nuts)

34
Q

mineral: important cofactor for >300 enzymes, including SOD, involved in protein and carb metabolism; lowers severity of childhood diarrhea in 3rd world; increased healing of gastric ulcers; decreases symptoms of sickle cell anemia

A

zinc (found in beef, fish, spinach)

Dental Pharmacology (30 decks)

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