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Sciency Stuff > Brain Stuff > Flashcards

Brain Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major areas of the brain? (Not Lobes)

A

Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Cerebellum
Mesencephalon (Midbrain)
Diencephalon
Cerebrum

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2
Q

What is the medulla oblongata?

A

It relays information to thalamus and brain stem
All communication between the brain and spinal cord pass through the medulla oblongata
It also has several nuclei

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3
Q

What is the function of the pons?

A

It relays information between thalamus and cerebellum
It also regulates subconscious motor centers

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4
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum?

A

It coordinates somatic motor function (heavily impacted by alcohol)

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5
Q

What is the function of the Mesencephalon (midbrain)?

A

It maintains consciousness and alertness and processes visual and auditory data

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6
Q

What makes up the Diencephalon?

A

The Thalamus and Hypothalamus

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7
Q

What is the function of the Thalamus?

A

It relays info to cerebrum and processes sensory information

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8
Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

A

Subconscious control of skeletal muscles
Heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and digestive functions
Secretion of anti diuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
Emotional and behavioral drives and thirst drives
Coordination between voluntary and autonomic functions
Body temp
Circadian Rhythm

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9
Q

What is the Telencephalon also know as?

A

The cerebrum

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10
Q

What is the function of the Telencephalon?

A

It facilitates memory storage, conscious regulator skeletal muscle, and the conscious thought process

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11
Q

What does the cerebrum consist of? (Brain matter)

A

An Inner region of gray matter (cell bodies) surrounded by tracts of white matter

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12
Q

What are ventricles?

A

Fluid filled cavities

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13
Q

What is contained in the ventricles of the brain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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14
Q

How many ventricles of the brain are there?

A

4 (2 big lateral ventricles in the cerebral hemispheres, a 3rd ventricle, and a 4th ventricle (between the pons and cerebellum) (They are all connected via foramen and aqueduct to central canal)

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15
Q

What are ways the brain is protected?

A

Skull bones
Cranial meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Blood-Brain barrier (BBB)

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16
Q

What are the names of the cranial meninges?

A

The Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

17
Q

How many layers does the Dura Mater have?

A

2: The Endosteal layer (This is the layer that’s felt within the anterior fontanel of a baby) and the Meningeal layer

18
Q

What is the space between the layers of the Dura Meter called?

A

The dural sinus

19
Q

What should you know about Arachnoid mater?

A

It’s weblike and CSF flows into subarachnoid space

20
Q

What should you know about the Pia Meter?

A

It follows the sulci and gyri of the brain

21
Q

How is CSF made?

A

It is produced by ependymal cells of choroid plexus which also remove waste from the CSF and transport nutrients, vitamins, and ions into the CSF

22
Q

What is the BBB

A

It’s a lining of blood vessels that consists of endothelial cells that are highly interconnected by tight junctions (Due to this only lipid soluble material can pas between brain cells and spinal cords)

23
Q

What does the cerebrum consist of?

A

Two hemispheres
Lobes
Gyri (Elevations) and Sulci (Indentations)
Longitudinal fissure
Corpus callosum
Basal nuclei
Limbic system

24
Q

What are the 5 lobes of the brain?

A

The Frontal lobe
The Occipital lobe
The Parietal lobe
The Temporal lobe
The Insula

25
Q

What are the two elevations near the central sulci called?

A

The Precentral gyrus (Primary motor cortex) (Anterior) and Postcentral gyrus (Somatosensory cortex) (Posterior)

26
Q

What does the left hemisphere specialize in?

A

Speech, Writing, Language, Mathematics

27
Q

What does the Right hemisphere specialize in?

A

Analysis by touch, spatial visualization

28
Q

What does the Basal Nuclei consist of?

A

Caudate nucleus
Amygdaloid body
Claustrum
Putamen
Globes pallidus

29
Q

Where is the limbic system?

A

It’s located between the cerebrum and the diencephalon

30
Q

What is the function of the limbic system?

A

It establishes emotional states, links the conscious functions with the unconscious autonomic functions, and facilitates memory storage and retrieval

31
Q

What does the limbic system consist of?

A

The Cingulate gyrus
The Dentate gyrus
The Parahippocampal structure
Hippocampus

32
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs (24 total)

Sciency Stuff (33 decks)

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