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Sciency Stuff > Basic Nervous System > Flashcards

Basic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Nervous system consist of?

A

All nervous tissue

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2
Q

What are the two main parts of the Nervous System?

A

The CNS (Central Nervous System) and PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the PNS?

A

The Autonomic Nervous System and the Somatic Nervous System

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4
Q

What are the two parts of the Autonomic division?

A

The Parasympathetic and Sympathetic division

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5
Q

What makes up the CNS?

A

The spinal cord and brain

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6
Q

What makes up the PNS?

A

All other nerves in the body

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7
Q

What is the function of the Somatic Nervous System?

A

It moves skeletal muscles

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8
Q

What is the function of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

It helps maintain homeostasis

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9
Q

What saying is associated with the parasympathetic division?

A

Rest and Relaxation
(paRasympathetic)

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10
Q

What saying is associated with the sympathetic division?

A

Fight or Flight

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11
Q

What are the two types of cells found within the Nervous System?

A

Neurons and Neuroglia (Glial cells)

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12
Q

What is the function of a neuron? What is it made up of?

A

They can transfer information though the Nervous system
They are made up of axons, soma (cell body), and dendrites (Cannot reproduce)

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13
Q

What is the function of Neuroglia (glial cells)?

A

They support and protect neurons (They cannot send signals but can reproduce)
They act as phagocytes
They help maintain intercellular environment

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14
Q

What are the Neuroglia of the CNS?

A

Astrocytes (maintain BBB)
Oligodendrocytes (make myelin)
Microglia (Phagocytes)
Ependymal cells (line ventricles)

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15
Q

What are the Neuroglia of the PNS?

A

Satellite cells
Schwann cells

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16
Q

What are the parts of a Neuron? (In detail)

A

The Nucleus and Nucleolus
Ribosomes (clusters called Nissl bodies)
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Axon
Axon hillock
Axoplasm
Vesicles (containing neurotransmitters)
NO CENTROMERES (no reproduction)

17
Q

What are the 3 ways to classify Neurons structurally?

A

Unipolar (One process)
Bipolar (Two processes)
Multipolar (Multiple processes)

18
Q

What are the three ways to classify Neurons functionally?

A

Sensory (Afferent)
Motor (Efferent)
Interneuron (In CNS only)

19
Q

What controls the speed of impulse?

A

The presence of myelin and the size of the axon

20
Q

What are the types of synaptic junctions?

A

Neuromuscular (Neuron on muscle)
Neuroglandular (Neuron on gland)
Axodenritic (On dendritic of another neuron)
Axosomatic (On soma of another neuron)
Axoaxonic (On axon of another neuron)

21
Q

How are Neurons organized in CNS?

A

The collection of cell body’s in one area creates gray matter
A bundle of axons in a area create white matter (called tracts and columns)

22
Q

How are Neurons organized in PNS?

A

Cell bodies are found in ganglia
Axons are bundles together to form spinal nerves and cranial nerves

23
Q

How many -chephalons are there?

A

5 in total
Telecephalon
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon

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