Blood Vessels

Question 1

What are the three layers of blood vessels?

Answer 1

Tunica Intima (inner)
Tunica Media (middle)
Tunica externa/adventitia (Outer)

Question 2

What do layers provide the vessel with?

Answer 2

Strength

Question 3

What is the difference between the Tunica Intima in arteries vs veins?

Answer 3

The Tunica Intima is bigger in Arteries compared to veins so in arteries, the layer is wavy but in veins the layer is smooth

Question 4

What is the Tunica Media made of?

Answer 4

Smooth Muscle

Question 5

What do contraction and relaxation of the vessels cause?

Answer 5

Relaxation - Vasodilation
Contraction - Vasoconstriction

Question 6

What are facts about the Adventitia?

Answer 6

It contains collagen fibers
They serve as the connective tissue anchoring vessel
Some walls are too thick to use diffusion so they have there own blood supply called the vasa vasorum

Question 7

Where do arteries and Veins carry blood?

Answer 7

Arteries carry blood away from the heart and Veins carry blood toward the heart

Question 8

Which vessel has thicker walls?

Answer 8

Arteries have the thicker walls to help better withstand the pressure

Question 9

How do the two types of vessels behave when cut?

Answer 9

Arteries maintain their shape but veins collapse when they are cut

Question 10

What are the “size levels” of the different blood vessels?

Answer 10

Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins

Question 11

What are capillaries? What are they for?

Answer 11

They are the bridge between Arteries and Veins that are about the size of a RBC in diameter. They permit an exchange of gases between blood and interstitial fluids

Question 12

What are fenestrated capillaries?

Answer 12

They are capillaries with pores

Question 13

What are precapillary sphincters?

Answer 13

They help regulate blood flow through capillaries

Question 14

How is the blood kept moving through the capillary bed?

Answer 14

The Metarteriole creates a thoroughfare channel that always stays open

Question 15

Why do some important areas of the body have more than one capillary bed?

Answer 15

More than one arteries supply the area just in case there happens to be a blockage

Question 16

What do veins have that arteries don’t?

Answer 16

They have Valves (venous valves) to make sure blood flow is in one direction

Question 17

What can Improper Venous Valve closure cause?

Answer 17

Varicose Veins

Question 18

Where is most of the blood in vessels kept?

Answer 18

30-35% is kept in the arteries, 65-70% is kept in the veins

Question 19

Which Heart circuit has more pressure?

Answer 19

The systemic circuit has more pressure than the pulmonary circuit

Question 20

What does the Brachiocephalic trunk branch into?

Answer 20

The right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery

Question 21

What comes from the descending aorta? (Heart only)

Answer 21

The Coronary arteries

Question 22

What do the common carotids divide into?

Answer 22

Internal and External carotids

Question 23

What is the carotid sinus

Answer 23

Like the blood police/bouncer for the brain
It sits at the base of the internal carotid artery

Question 24

What is the path from the Right Subclavian artery down?

Answer 24

Right subclavian > Right axillary > Right brachial > Right radial and ulnar > superficial palm arch > Digital arteries

Question 25

What is the biggest artery for the brain?

Answer 25

The Basilar Artery

Question 26

What does the descending aorta split into?

Answer 26

Left and Right common iliac

Question 27

What are the two sections of the descending aorta?

Answer 27

The Thoracic aorta and the Abdominal aorta

Question 28

What are the main arteries of the leg?

Answer 28

The Femoral artery (Femur) > Popliteal artery (knee) > Anterior Tibial and Posterior Fibular arteries > Plantar arteries
The Deep Femoral artery

Question 29

What do temporal and maxillary veins drain into?

Answer 29

External jugular vein

Question 30

Where do facial veins drain into?

Answer 30

Internal jugular veins

Question 31

Where do vessels in neck drain into?

Answer 31

External jugular vein then into the subclavian vein

Question 32

What vein is used most commonly to draw blood?

Answer 32

The median cubical vein

Question 33

Which vein in the lower leg usually has a wavy appearance?

Answer 33

The Great Saphenous

Question 34

What does the hepatic system do?

Answer 34

It brings blood from the digestive system to the liver before it goes to the heart to be reoxygenated