Brain Stem Wk4

Question 1

What are the brainstem do

Answer 1

Origin of cranial nerves, thoroughfare for ascending sensory & descending motor and site that including CVR, respiratory and level of consciousness

Question 2

Brainstem consists of

Answer 2

midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 3

The substantia nigra are the

Answer 3

lines on the midbrain

Question 4

Red nucleus are the small

Answer 4

ovals on the midbrain

Question 5

Tectum and tegmentum are the

Answer 5

boobs and eyes respectively for the midbrain

Question 6

The mickey mouse ears are the

Answer 6

cerebral peduncle

Question 7

The mickey mouses mouth is the

Answer 7

cerebral aqueduct

Question 8

In the pons, which structures are present?

Answer 8

inferior colliculus and corticospinal & corticobulbar fibres

Question 9

In the medulla, what structures are there

Answer 9

central canal and pyramids

Question 10

What are the bumps on the brainstem

Answer 10

Superior and inferior colliculus

Question 11

Medulla consists of the

Answer 11

olives (laterally) & pyramids (medially)

Question 12

Crus cerebri (cerebral peduncles)

Answer 12

is located in the midbrain

Question 13

What is the gap in between the midbrain (between mammillary bodies & crus cerebri)?

Answer 13

CSF cisterns (interpeduncular cistern)

Question 14

Decussation of pyramids is where

Answer 14

the motor information moves from one side to another side (waving right hand = orginated in left motor cortex via cortical spinal tract)

Question 15

Superior & inferior colliculus is sometimes referred to as

Answer 15

corpora quadrogemia

Question 16

What are considered to be the dorsal column tracts

Answer 16

Fasciculus cuneatus & gracilis = they carry sensory info from arms & legs to somatosensory cortex

Question 17

Alar plate =

Answer 17

sensory information into nervous system like touch, hearing, balance, taste

Question 18

Basal plate =

Answer 18

motor infomation like sticking your tongue out

Question 19

Tectum

Answer 19

superior and inferior colliculi are situated

Question 20

Tegmentum

Answer 20

Central and biggest section

Question 21

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus is found in the

Answer 21

midbrain level

Question 22

What are the components for midbrain

Answer 22

cerebral peduncles (crus cerebri); superior colliculus, cerebral aqueduct, oculomotor nucleus

Question 23

Hypoglossal nucleus innervates

Answer 23

tongue muscle

Question 24

Vestibular nuclei receives

Answer 24

balancing information

Question 25

Pyramids are part of the

Answer 25

corticospinal tract

Question 26

Reticular formaiton is a

Answer 26

complicated network of circuits extending from the midbrain to medulla

Question 27

Descending tracts give

Answer 27

info about voluntary skeletal muscle mmt for limbs & head/neck region

Question 28

Inside the white fibre tracts are the

Answer 28

motor nucleus - like hypoglossal nerve, trochlear nerve, oculomotor, red nucl, trigeminal, abducent nerve, medial longitual fasciculus, facial nucl.

Question 29

Ascending tracts helps with the

Answer 29

info coming from the arms to travel to the thalamus

Question 30

Midbrain receives blood from

Answer 30

posterior cerebral artery & basiliar artery

Question 31

Middle pons receives blood from

Answer 31

AICA - anterior inferior cerebellar art & basiliar art

Question 32

Upper medulla receives blood supply

Answer 32

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA); vertebral art; anterior spinal art

Question 33

Caudal medulla receives blood

Answer 33

posterior spinal, PICA, vertebral, and anterior spinal

Question 34

Brainstem processes include

Answer 34

speech, eye mmt, coordination of head & eye, control of posture, mastication, regulation of BP and respiration, level of arousal

Question 35

What are the structures present in the medulla

Answer 35

Inferior olives, pyramids, hypoglossal nucleus

Question 36

Why is AICA not provide blood to the pons primarily

Answer 36

The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) also originates from the basilar artery but is primarily responsible for supplying blood to the cerebellum (particularly the anterior inferior portion) and parts of the inner ear.

Question 37

Somatic motor nuclei are

Answer 37

medial

Question 38

Sensory nuclei are

Answer 38

lateral

Question 39

In Midbrain (1), what can we see

Answer 39

cerebral pedunles, superior colliculus, oculomotor nucleus and cerebral aqueduct

Question 40

In Midbrain (2), what can we see

Answer 40

cerebral peduncles, inferior colliculus, trochlear nucl., medial lemniscus, substantia nigra

Question 41

In Pons (3) , what can we see

Answer 41

inferior colliculus and corticospinal & corticobulbar fibres

Question 42

In Open medulla (4), we can see

Answer 42

inferior olivary nucl., medial lemniscus, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, hypoglossal nucleus, vestibular nuclei, pyramids, solitary nucleus

Question 43

In Closed medulla (5), we can see

Answer 43

gracile fas/nucl (lower limbs); cuneate fas/nucl (upper limbs); spinal trigmeninal tract; spinocerebellar tract, pyramids (corticospinal)

Question 44

In Closed medulla (6), we can see

Answer 44

pyramidal decussation - corticospinal tract crosses over