BONES N STUFF Flashcards
What are the types of bones?
-Flat
-Long
-Short
-Irregular
-Sesamoid
Give an example of a flat bone?
(extra points if you can give the function)
cranial/sternum
protect vital organs
Give an example of a long bone?
(extra points if you can give the function)
Humerus/Femur
support body weight/facilitate movement
Give an example of a short bone?
(extra points if you can give the function)
carpal/tarsal bones eg. scaphoid
movement/stability
Give an example of an irregular bone?
(extra points if you can give the function)
vertebre
protect internal
Give an example of a sesamoid bone?
(extra points if you can give the function)
patella
protects tendons from wear and tear by reducing friction
what are the two ways joints can be classified?
- by type of tissue
- by degree of movement
JOINTS
-by type of tissue
Fibrous- bones connected by fibrous tissue
Cartilaginous- Bones connected by cartilage
Synovial- articulating surfaces enclosed within fluid-filled joint capsule
JOINTS
-by degree of movement (SAD)
Synarthrosis - inmovable
Amphiarthrosis - Slightly moveable
Diarthrosis - freely moveable
Key properties of muscles
Electrical excitability–produces action potentials
Contractility–contracts forcefully when excited
Extensibility–can stretch without damage
Elasticity–returns to original shape
Skeletal Muscle function?
Moves the bones of the skeleton
Under voluntary control (but can be subconscious
Cardiac muscle?
Forms wall of heart
Involuntary (no conscious control), autorhythmi
Smooth muscle function?
Walls of hollow internal structures, e.g. blood vessels and airways
Involuntary (no conscious control), autorhythmic
What is another name for muscle cytoplasm?
sarcoplasm
What is another name for muscle cell membrane?
sarcolemma
