Biomechanics Flashcards
1
Q
What is the study of biomechanics ?
A
The study of human movement and the effect of force and motion on sports performance.
2
Q
What is Newton’s first law ?
A
A body will remain in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
3
Q
What is Newton’s second law ?
A
- Acceleration of a body is proportional to the size of force applied
- Takes place in the direction force acts
4
Q
What’s Newton’s third law ?
A
- For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
- Reaction is equal in size and opposite in direction to action force
5
Q
What is friction ?
A
The force opposing the sliding motion of one surface across another
6
Q
What are the factors affecting friction ?
(4)
A
- Roughness of surface 1 (sole of footwear)
- Roughness of surface 2 (playing surface)
- Weight (Force pushing two surfaces together)
- Temperature (ex. heated tyres increase friction)
7
Q
How can friction be maximised ?
(3)
A
- Increasing roughness of either surface
- Increasing mass (down force)
- Increasing temperature
8
Q
How can friction be minimised ?
(1)
A
- Increasing smoothness of surface (ex. re-freeze ice rink)
9
Q
What is air resistance ?
A
The force acting to oppose the motion of a body through the air
10
Q
What are the factors affecting air resistance ?
(4)
A
- Velocity
- Frontal cross-sectional area
- Streamlining and shape
- Surface characteristics (smoothness)
11
Q
How can air resistance be minimised ?
(3)
A
- Reducing frontal cross-sectional area (ex. downhill skier adopts crouched position)
- Using streamlining shape
- Making surface smooth (ex. cycling suits and helmets designed to minimise turbulence, air flow smoothly across surface)
