Lifestyle Impacts On Diseases Flashcards
What is a sedentary lifestyle ?
An inactive lifestyle.
What is atherosclerosis ?
Condition: fatty acids build up in the walls of arteries causing walls to harden and lumen to narrow.
What is coronary heart disease ?
Condition: fatty plaque builds up in the walls of coronary arteries causing narrowing which reduces blood supply to heart. May lead to angina or heart attack.
What are coronary risk factors ?
Conditions or habits which increase the chance of coronary heart disease.
What are coronary arteries ?
Blood vessels that provide oxygen rich blood to heart muscle.
What is angina ?
Partial blockage of coronary arteries causing chest pain due to lack of O2 to heart muscle.
What is a heart attack ?
Complete blockage of coronary artery causing total restriction of O2 to heart muscle.
What is hypertension ?
High blood pressure caused due to atherosclerosis
What is a stroke ?
A brain attack caused when o2 supply to brain cut off.
What are the three types of strokes ?
- ischaemic
-haemorrhagic stroke
-TIA
What is a ischaemic stroke ?
A stroke which occurs due to a blockage of o2 supply to the brain
What is a haemorrhagic stroke ?
A stroke which occurs when there is bleeding in or around the brain
What is a TIA stroke ?
A mini ischaemic stroke, symptoms last less than 24 hours caused by temporary blockage.
What is LDL Cholestrol ?
Bad cholesterol. High in blood fats that deposit on the walls of arteries causing atherosclerosis and CHD.
What is HDL ?
Good cholestrol. Low in blood fats and removes LDL cholesterol from walls of arteries and transports to liver.
What are the benefits of a healthy cardiovascular system / training on the heart ?
- cardiac hypertrophy
-increased sv
-decreased resting HR
-more efficient heart
What are the benefits of a healthy cardiovascular system / training on blood vessels ?
- increased efficiency of coronary arteries
-increased o2 dlievery to heart muscle
-increased elasticity of artery walls (more efficient vasodilation and vasoconstriction)
What are the benefits of a healthy cardiovascular system / training on blood ?
-decreased blood fats and LDL cholestrol
-deacresed blood viscosity (or decreased blood pressure)
What are the benefits of a healthy cardiovascular system / training (on ‘other’) ?
-body weight better managed / healthy energy balance
