Past Paper - 2020

Question 1

Define the term ‘stroke volume’ and give a typical resting value for a trained individual

Answer 1

Definition: the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat

Typical resting value: 80-120ml

Question 2

Describe a situation in a team game when explosive strength and aerobic capacity will be used

Answer 2

Explosive strength: rugby player sprinting down the wing

Aerobic capacity: to jog around in defence in football tracking the ball

Question 3

A coupled reaction causes the breakdown of ATP.
State the exothermic and endothermic reactions which show the breakdown and resynthesis of ATP.

Answer 3

Exothermic: ATP —> ADP + P + Energy
Endothermic: Energy + ADP + P —> ATP

Question 4

Describe linear motion and angular motion

Answer 4

Linear motion: movement of a body in a straight or curve line.
All parts move the same distance and direction and at the same time (speed)

Angular motion: movement of a body in a circular path about an axis of rotation

Question 5

Describe the glycolytic (lactic acid) system
(5)

Answer 5

• Anaerobic / no oxygen
• breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid
• pyruvic acid / pyruvate is converted to lactic acid
• phosphofructokinase (PFK) / lactate hydrogenase
• 1:2 energy yield
• sarcoplasm / cytoplasm of muscle cell